以金屬奈米粒子修飾氧化石墨烯之電漿效應增進鈣鈦礦太陽能電池效率

Abstract

有機無機混合之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池有下列具有吸引力之特點，高效率、可撓、可有低成本、低溫製程。本論文中，利用單步驟快速結晶製程沉積鈣鈦礦薄膜，標準元件結構為ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Cs0.15MA0.85PbI3/PCBM/BCP/Ag。為了提高效率在 PEDOT:PSS 層之上沉積了金奈米粒子引發局部表面電漿共振效應。電漿效應增加了元件吸收光的能力，從而提高了電流和效率。標準元件的開路電壓、短路電流密度、填充因子分別為0.99V、17.05mA/cm^2、0.72，使能量轉換效率為12.17%。添加金屬奈米粒子修飾氧化石墨烯後，其開路電壓、短路電流密度、填充因子分別提高到1.02V、18.56mA/cm2、0.74，提高了能源轉換效率為14.0%。而從激子壽命量測也得到了最佳 條件的激子壽命較標準元件為長。此外，也分析了薄膜型態、暗電流、串聯和並聯電阻。這些結果表明金屬奈米粒子的加入是提高鈣鈦礦太陽能電池性能有希望之途徑。

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells feature many attractive properties,including high efficiency, mechanical flexibility, and fabrication at low cost and low temperature. In this study, a one-step fast crystallization process was used to deposit perovskite films. The structure of the standard device was as following ITO / PEDOT:PSS /Cs0.15MA0.85PbI3/ PCBM / BCP / Ag. For improving the efficiency, gold nanoparticles were deposited on the PEDOT:PSS layer for inducing localized surface plasmonic resonance effect. The plasmonic effect increased the ability of absorbing light, thereby improving the current and efficiency. The open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density and the fill factor of the standard device were 0.99 V, 17.05 mA/cm2, and 0.72, respectively, leading to an energy conversion efficiency is 12.17 %. After inserting the layer of gold nanoparticle-modified graphene oxide. The open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density and fill factor were improved to 1.02 V, 18.56 mA/cm2, and 0.74, respectively, resulting in an improved energy conversion efficiency of 14.0%. Measurements of the lifetimes of the charges indicated that the life time for the sample prepared under the optimal condition was longer than that of standard device. In addition, the film morphology, dark current, series and parallel resistance were also analyzed. These results revealed the incorporation of metal nanoparticles is a promising way to improving the performance of perovskite solar cells.