角色特質與文本敘事結局對少年漫畫角色認同與移情之效果研究

Abstract

本研究主要關注近年來少年漫畫的發展潮流，透過主要的兩種文本類別，剖析不同類型的角色特質和文本敘事結局，在二者交互作用下，對閱聽人角色認同的影響。其中著重於兩類型認同：希望認同和相似性認同。同時也梳理認同與移情的關係，將移情作為角色特質及希望、相似性認同的中介變項。並且加入感知真實當作角色特質對兩種認同的調節變項，嘗試了解讀者面向的可能影響因素。為了能達成研究目的，本研究使用實驗法來探討此一現象。 結果發現無論在何種文本敘事結局，閱聽人對簡單型角色的希望認同都高於複雜型，而相似性認同也是簡單型高於複雜型。進一步分析則發現，讀者對簡單型角色之希望認同，不論在何種文本敘事結局都無顯著高低差異。至於觀者對複雜型角色，則都沒有較高的希望和相似性認同。惟有在快樂型文本敘事結局中，才能引起閱聽人較高的希望認同。關於移情對角色特質與希望、相似性認同的中介效果，顯示移情不完全中介希望認同，但完全中介相似性認同。最後感知真實不調節角色特質與兩種認同。

This research mainly focuses on the trend of shōnen comics in recent years. This article examines the interactive impact of two different types of character traits and narrative on character identification and empathy. There are two types of identification which is wishful and similarity identification. At the same time, empathy is mediator of character traits and identification to realize the relationship of wishful and similarity identification with empathy. In addition, for understanding the possibile influence of reader, perceived realism is moderator of character traits and identification. Experimental design is adopted to achieve the aim of this article. The result shows that the audience’s wishful indentification with simple character is higher than with complex character in both narrative types, and similarity identification with simple character is also higher than complex character. More analysis found that the audience’s wishful indentification with simple character is as high as with complex character in the happy and unhappy narrative. Another side, it’s not high that the audience’s wishful and similarity identification with complex character, but when complex character is in happy narrative, there is high wishful identification. Besides, empathy is partly mediation of character traits and wishful identification, but is complete mediation of character traits and similarity identification. Finally, perceived realism isn’t the moderation of character traits and wishful identification and similatity identification.