含補氣口之夾層建築的簡易二層煙控驗證研究

Abstract

本研究是以發展一套適用於計算小空間居室（面積小於200m2，高度小於8m）煙層高度的簡易二層法作為動機，在採用「建築物防火避難安全性能驗證技術手冊」進行居室避難安全性能驗證時，由於其煙層高度下降過快，難以通過法規認證。所以針對含有自然排煙口或者機械排煙裝置居室，開發一套簡易二層計算方法以代替技術手冊之驗證方法。本簡易二層法通過與BRI2002，實驗以及相關文獻進行比較，驗證了本方法之可靠性與可信性。其次，本研究加入含有補氣口與夾層空間之情景，使計算方式更為完整。加入部分也通過與FDS以及技術手冊之計算結果進行比較，發現本方法之計算結果介於FDS以及技術手冊之計算結果。這給台灣防火安全工程工作，引入了一種新的驗證方法。

The study develops a two-zone fire model to predict the smoke descending in small space, whose area is less than 200m2 and height less than 8m. It is motivated to improve the major shortcoming of too short available egress time in a small fire compartment by using the method based on “the technical manual of building fire-evacuation performance evaluation”. The two-zone model is developed for the room equipped with mechanical and natural de-smoke apparatuses. Then, the model is verified by comparing with BRI2002, experiments and other references. These experimental and numerical comparisons indeed demonstrate the credibility and reliability of the new model. In addition, this study further includes the scenarios with air supply vent and mezzanine into such model to make it more completely. After that, the model is verified by comparing with FDS and the technical manual. Finally, the predicted result by two-zone model is between the one provided by FDS and the technical manual. It indeed provides a new tool for fire safety assessment in Taiwan.