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dc.contributor.authorAbbas, Naseemen_US
dc.contributor.authorAwan, Muhammad Bilalen_US
dc.contributor.authorAmer, Mohammeden_US
dc.contributor.authorAmmar, Syed Muhammaden_US
dc.contributor.authorSajjad, Uzairen_US
dc.contributor.authorAli, Hafiz Muhammaden_US
dc.contributor.authorZahra, Nidaen_US
dc.contributor.authorHussain, Muzamilen_US
dc.contributor.authorBadshah, Mohsin Alien_US
dc.contributor.authorJafry, Ali Turaben_US
dc.date.accessioned2020-01-02T00:04:24Z-
dc.date.available2020-01-02T00:04:24Z-
dc.date.issued2019-12-15en_US
dc.identifier.issn0378-4371en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2019.122513en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11536/153439-
dc.description.abstractThe aim of this study is to present a critical review of the impact of nanofluids on the performance enhancement of PV/T systems. The review has analyzed the effects of nanoparticle type, size, volume fraction and concentration ratio on the performance of PV/T systems. Furthermore, the type of base-fluid, flow channels, and flow types have also been studied comprehensively in relation to nanofluids characteristics and properties. Results have shown that the inclusion of nanofluid enhances the overall efficiency of the PV/T systems. It has been concluded that the organic fluids are better base fluids than water, and nanofluids with better thermal conductivity enhance the maximum efficiency once optimum size, volume fraction and correct concentration ratio of nanofluid are selected. Moreover, straight microchannel and the addition of Fe3O4, SiC and TiO2 nanofluids with low concentration ratio provides better efficiency and flexibility. The motive beyond that is the micro-channels turbulent flow occurs at low Reynolds number. Accordingly, maximum efficiency can be obtained at higher velocity laminar flows. Increasing the velocity to higher ranges of turbulent flow does not allow proper time for heat transfer and can cause clustering of nanoparticles. The observations of this review are proposed to PV/T systems and it is helpful for the thermal system design practitioners towards achieving high efficiency in any thermal system. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.en_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.subjectNanofluidsen_US
dc.subjectPhotovoltaicsen_US
dc.subjectThermalen_US
dc.subjectApplicationsen_US
dc.titleApplications of nanofluids in photovoltaic thermal systems: A review of recent advancesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.physa.2019.122513en_US
dc.identifier.journalPHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONSen_US
dc.citation.volume536en_US
dc.citation.spage0en_US
dc.citation.epage0en_US
dc.contributor.department機械工程學系zh_TW
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment of Mechanical Engineeringen_US
dc.identifier.wosnumberWOS:000500034900003en_US
dc.citation.woscount0en_US
Appears in Collections:Articles