Title: Highly efficient blue and white light-emitting electrochemical cells employing substrates containing embedded diffusive layers
Authors: Chen, Yan-Zhi
Luo, Dian
Hsiang, Chi-Haw
Yi, Rong-Huei
Lin, Ching-Hsuan
Lu, Chin-Wei
Liu, Shun-Wei
Chang, Chih-Hao
Su, Hai-Ching
照明與能源光電研究所
Institute of Lighting and Energy Photonics
Keywords: Light-emitting electrochemical cells;Light extraction;Microcavity effect;Emission zone
Issue Date: 1-Feb-2020
Abstract: Enhancing device efficiencies of the blue and white light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) is realized by employing substrates with embedded diffusive layers containing scattering TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). The diffusive layers can eliminate the influence of microcavity effect on the output electroluminescence (EL) spectrum and recover the intrinsic EL spectrum of the emissive layer. The emission zone positions of the blue and white LECs are estimated by fitting the measured EL spectra with the simulated EL spectra based on precisely tuned emission zone positions. Incorporating red-emitting guest dopant in the white LEC results in shifted emission zone toward the cathode due to enhanced electron trapping. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the blue and white LECs employing proper diffusive substrates can be enhanced by 260 and 210%, respectively. The maximal EQE (power efficiency) of the blue and white LECs reach 35.4% (83.4 lm W-1) and 22.0% (41.6 lm W-1), respectively. These promising device efficiencies confirm the potential applications for the proposed diffusive substrates in enhancing light extraction from LECs. In addition, adjusting the effective refractive index of the diffusive layer has distinct effect on different EL emission color. With well confined optical field of blue EL in indium tin oxide layer, lower effective refractive index of the diffusive layer results in higher refractive index difference between the scattering TiO2 NPs and the host medium, rendering higher scattering efficiency and more light extraction. In contrast, higher effective refractive index of the diffusive layer leads to unguided red EL extending into the diffusive layer and more light can be outcoupled. These results show that the effective refractive index of the diffusive layer should be judiciously chosen according to the emission color of EL to be extracted.
URI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2019.105515
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/153980
ISSN: 1566-1199
DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2019.105515
Journal: ORGANIC ELECTRONICS
Volume: 77
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End Page: 0
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