中華職棒選手知覺教練領導行為之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在瞭解中華職業棒球選手知覺教練領導行為之差異關係，透過年齡、運動參與時間、出場順序、學歷、訓練頻率及層級等不同背景變項進行探討。本研究以2010年度中華職業棒球聯盟四支職業棒球隊選手為研究對象，共發出122份問卷，回收之有效問卷數為95份，有效回收率高達77.87%。以自編之「職業棒球團隊教練領導行為」調查問卷為本研究之工具，根據調查所蒐集之資料，經描述統計、因素分析、單因子變異數分析、積差相關分析等統計方法。研究結果顯示、職業棒球選手在知覺教練領導行為上，以團隊行為最高，而以專制行為最低；運動參與時間、出場順序及訓練頻率在知覺教練領導行為上有顯著差異存在，但在年齡、學歷及層級上並沒有顯著差異存在。本研究除了針對研究結果加以討論外，並對研究結果提出建議，以供職業棒球教練或其他運動團隊教練從事球隊訓練時領導之參考或依據。

This study aimed at investigating perceptions of coaches' leadership behavior among Chinese Professional Baseball players under different background variables of age、time spending on exercise、player's order to enter the field、educational background and frequency and level of training. The study subjects consisted of players from the four professional baseball teams of the Chinese Professional Baseball League in 2010, a total of 122 copies of survey questionnaire were distributed and 95 of them were collected, therefore, the valid collection rate was 77.87%. The self-constructed survey employed in this study was ”The Leadership Behavior of Coaches of Professional Baseball Teams”; the collected data was analyzed with statistics methods such as descriptive statistics, factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, product-moment correlation. According to the results, the perceived coaches' leadership behavior among professional baseball players was scored the highest in ”team behavior”, and the lowest in ”autocratic behavior”; significant differences of perceived coaches' leadership behavior were found in ”time spending on exercise”, ”player's order to enter the field”, ”frequency and level of training.” Followed by the discussion of the results of the study were constructive suggestions that offered future reference material for professional baseball coaches or coaches of other sport teams apply to training programs.