殊異的共同體：臺灣南、北客家菁英的社會網絡（1987-1999）

Abstract

本文的研究動機，源自於學界對於當代臺灣客家族群認同本質的討論：歷史取向者認為「客家」此一集體概念在很早之前便已發源；社會學者則認為，當代臺灣整體的「客家」族群認同實際為1980年代末期基於族群整體的社會位置不平等認知才形成的政治性集體概念，在此以前「客家」仍僅是文化性質的地方社會認同基礎。但本文無意延續此一論辯，並轉而針對客家菁英的社會互動狀況進行考察。經檢視1987年至1999年間臺灣西部地區南、北客家菁英的社會互動關係後，可發現「泛臺灣客家認同」的共識動員基礎未必是促成跨地域動員的關鍵因素─除了族群共同認知，還交雜著地域認同、政治意識形態與議題偏好。同理可證，本質化敘事也無法充分解釋行動者的參與動機。

This study investigates the social networks of Hakka elites during 1987-1999 to explore whether the consensus mobilization of “Taiwanese Hakka identity” can convert into the mobilization of social movements. Social network analysis is used to examine the social interactions between the southern and northern Hakka elites from 1987 to 1999. The finding shows that the political connotation of “Taiwanese Hakka identity” did not necessarily lead to the cross-regional mobilization of Hakka elites. In addition to the common cognition of ethnicity, the regional identity, political ideology and issue preferences also played key factors for the action mobilization. The finding proves that the Hakka image cannot fully explain the social movements of Hakka people.