標題: 為何應該讓人工智能強化倫理衝突的緊急決策?
Why AI Should Augment Urgent Decision-Making Involving Ethical Conflicts?
作者: 甘偵蓉
Zhen-Rong Gan
關鍵字: 人工智能;倫理決策;緊急情況;倫理兩難/衝突;公共參與及民主;Artificial Intelligence (AI);Ethical decision-making;Urgent situations;Ethical dilemmas/coflicts;Public participation and democracy
公開日期: 七月-2023
出版社: 國立陽明交通大學傳播與科技學系
台灣資訊社會研究學會
Department of Communication & Technology at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
Taiwan Academy for Information Society.
摘要: 針對緊急且涉及倫理兩難或衝突而人們難以做出良好決策的事項上,本文主張應該設計人工智能(artificial intelligence,簡稱AI)來改善甚至取代人們做倫理決策。這種AI倫理衝突決策系統,表面上是取代人類做出決策,但實質上是人類借助AI做出較佳的倫理決策,這種決策是從資料驅動到AI驅動。本文透過檢討那些反對以AI做倫理決策的方法論與本體論等兩類批評,並從檢討中指出這兩類批評,有哪部分值得AI開發者警惕,有哪部分則是對於這類倫理決策系統的誤解。本文並進一步指出,這種借助AI來改善涉及公共事務的緊急倫理衝突決策,若能從AI系統設計到部署的每個階段,皆納入決策利益相關人員甚至公眾的參與,便是辛諾特—阿姆斯壯與斯科堡於2021年所主張的「人工改良民主」。
This article argues that artificial intelligence (AI) should be designed to improve or even replace human decision-making in urgent situations involving ethical dilemmas or conflicts, which are well-known to be difficult for people to make good decisions. While the AI ethical conflict decision-making system may seem to supplant human decision-making, in reality, humans utilize AI to make better ethical decisions, transitioning from data- driven to AI-driven decision-making. By examining two types of criticisms—methodology and ontology—against using AI in ethical decision-making, this article points out which parts AI developers should be aware of and which are misunderstandings of these systems. Furthermore, the article suggests that involving decision-makers and even the public in every stage of AI system design and deployment can be viewed as an “Artificial Improved Democracy” proposed by Sinnott-Armstrong and Skorburg in 2021, which could enhance the development of AI ethical decision-making systems involving public affairs.
URI: https://ccis.dcat.nycu.edu.tw/web/backissues/backissues_list_in.jsp?lang=tw&pp_id=PP1690818815213&left_code=cp
http://dx.doi.org/10.29843/JCCIS.202307_(45).0002
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/161274
ISSN: 1680-8428
DOI: 10.29843/JCCIS.202307_(45).0002
期刊: 資訊社會研究
The Journal of Information Society
Issue: 45
起始頁: 19
結束頁: 50
顯示於類別:資訊社會研究


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