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dc.contributor.authorTang, CWen_US
dc.contributor.authorHang, HMen_US
dc.date.accessioned2014-12-08T15:26:29Z-
dc.date.available2014-12-08T15:26:29Z-
dc.date.issued2002en_US
dc.identifier.isbn0-8194-4415-4en_US
dc.identifier.issn0277-786Xen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11536/18801-
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.465318en_US
dc.description.abstractA novel robust digital image watermarking scheme which combines image feature extraction and image normalization is proposed. The goal is to resist both geometrical and signal processing attacks. We adopt a feature extraction method called Mexican Hat wavelet scale interaction. The extracted feature points can survive various attacks such as common signal processing, JPEG compression, and geometric distortions. Thus, these feature points can be used as reference points for both watermark embedding, and detection. The normalized image of a rotated image (object) is the same as the normalized version of the original image. As a result, the watermark detection task can be much simplified when it is done on the normalized image without referencing to the original image. However, because image normalization is sensitive to image local variation, we apply image normalization to non-overlapped image disks separately. The center of each disk is an extracted feature point. Several copies of one 16-bit watermark sequence are embedded in the original image to improve the robustness of watermarks. Simulation results show that our scheme can survive low quality JPEG compression, color reduction, sharpening, Gaussian filtering, median filtering, printing and scanning process, row or column removal, shearing rotation, scaling, local warping, cropping, and linear transformation.en_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.subjectrobust watermarken_US
dc.subjectfeature extractionen_US
dc.subjectimage normalizationen_US
dc.subjectMarr waveleten_US
dc.subjectgeometric distortionen_US
dc.titleAn image feature based robust digital watermarking schemeen_US
dc.typeProceedings Paperen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1117/12.465318en_US
dc.identifier.journalSECURITY AND WATERMARKING OF MULTIMEDIA CONTENTS IVen_US
dc.citation.volume4675en_US
dc.citation.spage584en_US
dc.citation.epage595en_US
dc.contributor.department電子工程學系及電子研究所zh_TW
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronicsen_US
dc.identifier.wosnumberWOS:000176683500059-
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