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dc.contributor.authorHuang, Jhang-Weien_US
dc.contributor.authorLin, Wei-Fanen_US
dc.contributor.authorYang, Jinn-Moonen_US
dc.date.accessioned2014-12-08T15:28:18Z-
dc.date.available2014-12-08T15:28:18Z-
dc.date.issued2012-09-28en_US
dc.identifier.issn0264-410Xen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.079en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11536/20474-
dc.description.abstractThe antigenic sites of hemagglutinin (HA) are crucial for understanding antigenic drift and vaccine strain selection for influenza viruses. In 1982,32 epitope residues (called laboratory epitope residues) were proposed for antigenic sites of H1N1 HA based on the monoclonal antibody-selected variants. Interestingly, these laboratory epitope residues only cover 28% (23/83) mutation positions for 9 H1N1 vaccine strain comparisons (from 1977 to 2009). Here, we propose the entropy and likelihood ratio to model amino acid diversity and antigenic variant score for inferring 41 H1N1 HA epitope residues (called natural epitope residues) with statistically significant scores according to 1572 HA sequences and 197 pairs of HA sequences with hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays of natural isolates. By combining both natural and laboratory epitope residues, we identified 62 (11 overlapped) residues clustered into five antigenic sites (i.e., A-E) which are highly correlated to the antigenic sites of H3N2 HA. Our method recognizes sites A, B and C as critical sites for escaping from neutralizing antibodies in H1N1 virus. Experimental results show that the accuracies of our models are 81.2% and 82.2% using 41 and 62 epitope residues, respectively, for predicting antigenic variants on 197 paring HA sequences. In addition, our model can detect the emergence of epidemic strains and reflect the genetic diversity and antigenic variant between the vaccine and circulating strains. Finally, our model is theoretically consistent with the evolution rates of H3N2 and H1N1 viruses and is often consistent to WHO vaccine strain selections. We believe that our models and the inferred antigenic sites of HA are useful for understanding the antigenic drift and evolution of influenza A H1N1 virus. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.en_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.subjectInfluenza vaccineen_US
dc.subjectH1N1 virusen_US
dc.subjectAntigenic siteen_US
dc.subjectHemagglutininen_US
dc.subjectAntigenic driften_US
dc.titleAntigenic sites of H1N1 influenza virus hemagglutinin revealed by natural isolates and inhibition assaysen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.079en_US
dc.identifier.journalVACCINEen_US
dc.citation.volume30en_US
dc.citation.issue44en_US
dc.citation.spage6327en_US
dc.citation.epage6337en_US
dc.contributor.department生物科技學系zh_TW
dc.contributor.department生物資訊及系統生物研究所zh_TW
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment of Biological Science and Technologyen_US
dc.contributor.departmentInstitude of Bioinformatics and Systems Biologyen_US
dc.identifier.wosnumberWOS:000309616900014-
dc.citation.woscount5-
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