標題: | Efficient numerical methods for computing ground states of spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates based on their characterizations |
作者: | Bao, Weizhu Chern, I-Liang Zhang, Yanzhi 應用數學系 數學建模與科學計算所(含中心) Department of Applied Mathematics Graduate Program of Mathematical Modeling and Scientific Computing, Department of Applied Mathematics |
關鍵字: | Spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate;Ground state;Ferromagnetic;Antiferromagnetic;Single-mode approximation;Gradient flow with discrete normalization |
公開日期: | 15-十一月-2013 |
摘要: | In this paper, we propose efficient numerical methods for computing ground states of spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with/without the Ioffe-Pritchard magnetic field B (X). When B (X) not equal 0, a numerical method is introduced to compute the ground states and it is also applied to study properties of ground states. Numerical results suggest that the densities of m(F) = +/- 1 components in ground states are identical for any nonzero B(x). In particular, if B(x) B not equal 0 is a constant, the ground states satisfy the single-mode approximation. When B(x) 0, efficient and simpler numerical methods are presented to solve the ground states of spin-1 BECs based on their ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic characterizations. Numerical simulations show that our methods are more efficient than those in the literature. In addition, some conjectures are made from our numerical observations. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
URI: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2013.06.036 http://hdl.handle.net/11536/22672 |
ISSN: | 0021-9991 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.jcp.2013.06.036 |
期刊: | JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS |
Volume: | 253 |
Issue: | |
起始頁: | 189 |
結束頁: | 208 |
顯示於類別: | 期刊論文 |