Crystallization kinetics and morphology of binary phenolic/poly(epsilon-caprolactone) blends

Abstract

For the first time, quantitative analyses of the crystallization kinetics, surface free energy of chain folding, and morphology in phenolic/poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) binary blends have been studied. The spherulite growth rate and the overall crystallization rate depend on the crystallization temperature and PCL content in the blend. In addition, the crystallization and melting temperatures of the PCL phase decrease with an increase in the phenolic content. An Avrami analysis shows that the addition of phenolic to PCL results in a decrease in the overall crystallization rate of the PCL phase. The presence of an amorphous phenolic phase results in a reduction in the rate of the spherulite growth of PCL. The surface free energy of folding increases with increasing phenolic content, and the crystal thickness of a phenolic/PCL blend, according to small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), is greater than that of pure PCL because of the increase in the surface free energy of chain folding and the decrease in the degree of supercooling. The observed domain size of the crystalline/amorphous phase (5.9 nm) from SAXS is also consistent with that from solid-state NMR (3-20 nm). All these results indicate that the crystallization ability of PCL decreases with increasing phenolic content in the blends. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 117-128,2004.