Effects of the catalyst pretreatment on CO2 sensors made by carbon nanotubes

Abstract

A novel CO2 sensor was made by carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The CNTs were synthesized by catalystic thermal chemical vapour deposition at 700 degrees C. Prior to the synthesis, the Fe catalysts were pretreated by H-2 plasma for different times. Two terminal resistance of the as-grown CNTs mat was measured under different CO2 concentrations. It was found that without the catalyst pretreatment, the sensitivity was about 4% when the CNTs mat was exposed to 800 mTorr CO2 concentration. However, with various catalyst pretreatment times of 5, 10, 15 and 20 min, the sensitivity was 3.69%, 6.27%, 9.54%, and 12.1%, respectively. The Raman spectroscopy showed the I-D/I-G decreased from 0.668 to 0.539 as the catalyst pretreatment time increased. The XPS also showed the correlation of surface chemical components with the Raman spectroscopy. The Fe catalyst H-2 plasma pretreatment affected both the graphitization and surface binding sites of CNTs. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.