強化限制理論Demand-Pull補貨模式之研究

Abstract

TOC demand-pull與緩衝管理是觀念相當不錯的供應鏈解決方案。但因缺乏嚴謹的的程序與方法來做好緩衝管理所需考慮的三要素，使得TOC demand-pull的應用變成黑盒子。許多學者與實務應用者也因此質疑TOC demand-pull觀念的可行性，並對其使用效果優於目前廣為使用方法也產生懷疑，同時也造成將此方法電腦化應用的障礙。因此，本研究的目的在於提出更嚴謹的緩衝管理法則與方法來強化TOC demand-pull，同時修正TOC 產出天•元(Throughput Dollars-Days, TDD)/IDD存貨天•元(Inventory Dollars-Days, IDD)指標與提出EVD(Exposure Dollars-Days, EVD)指標，使TOC demand-pull在供應鏈管理的實務應用上更加完備，並能獲得比現在廣為使用的方法更為有效。 本研究首先針對緩衝管理三要素做探討，提出目標庫存量決定法則與方法、補貨頻率與補貨數量、緩衝監控程序與目標庫存量調整準則。其次修正TOC的 TDD與 IDD二個績效指標並提出缺貨EVD指標，以評估缺貨機率與存貨高低，使其更適用於供應鏈緩衝績效的評估，強化TOC 緩衝管理機制在供應鏈管理的實務應用，最後為了證明此研究所提的觀念、法則與方法是可行且有效的，以一個實際個案來做驗證。

TOC buffer management and Demand-Pull replenishment is an outstanding and effective model critical to support the concept and knowledge of inventory management by conscientious processes and methods. Imperfection of perfectible discussion on the three key elements of buffer management would result in questionable Demand-Pull inventory system. Ineffectual and visible barriers of computerize in various practices. Furthermore, implementers would significantly suspect the practice of TOC demand-pull concept. Typically to meet perfectible practices of TOC demand-pull practice and implement it in supply chain management, this thesis proposes a heuristic buffer management methodology to enhance the Demand Pull replenishment and modify the buffer management performance index. Furthermore, consolidation of TOC Demand-Pull is practiced significantly and effectively in supply chain management. In connection with the probe for the three key elements of buffer management, the thesis provides critical rules of inventory decisions. Firstly, target rules are provided for inventory decision methods including replenishment frequency, replenishment quantity, the concept of monitoring window is proposed to detect the level of inventory and criterion of inventory adjustment. Secondly, propose the EVD and modify the TDD (Throughput Dollar-Days) and IDD (Inventory Dollars-Days, IDD) based on the Throughput Dollars-Days index proposed by Goldratt to measure the buffer management performance and to enhance the TOC buffer management model of perfectible practice. Finally, real cases are simulated to assess the performance enhancement through the proposed methodology.