背景條紋圖形對主觀運動速率判斷的影響

Abstract

運動速率的變化能使我們有不同的視覺感受。在電腦動畫與遊戲畫面中，驚險刺激的速度感能強化觀者的視覺效果與臨場感，並提供極具感官刺激的效果；反之，運用在行駛時，假使能以一些方法改變駕駛者的速度感，則可使其因產生速率過快的錯覺而減速慢行。因此本研究的構想是：有無可能藉著操弄不同背景圖形的方式來調控觀者對主觀運動速率的判斷。

本研究分成三個實驗來探討：實驗一中探討不同圖形線索的呈現效果對速率判斷的影響以及速率快慢的排列順序；實驗二是比較不同「圖形線條走向」的圖形對觀者速率判斷的影響；實驗三則是探討「運動方向」的影響，模擬觀者「向前進」 與「向後退」之視野，比較這 2 種運動呈現方式對速率判斷的影響差異。實驗結果顯示，在六種圖形線索中，反箭頭圖形為速率最快的圖形；「圖形走向」的因子會顯著影響速率的判斷：「反」走向圖形具有「運動方向指示性」，速率會明顯地快於「正」走向圖形；當「運動方向」相反時，觀者對於圖形速率判斷的排序仍是相同的，因此我們推測人類主要是在運動方向「往前進」的情況下，演化出運動的知覺；而對於快速往後退的情況，也許尚未演化出正確的運動判斷系統，所以仍是以「往前進」的經驗去處理「往後退」的情況，因此運動方向往後退與往前進的結果是相近的。

The sense of speed is of vital importance in our visual experience. The trill of playing video games or watching a movie is greatly enhanced by the director’s manipulations on various speed-related effects. Speed judgment is also an extremely important factor in safe driving. As speeding causes large casualty counts in highway accidences every year, we attempt to develop an effective measure to prevent speeding incidences by altering the driver’s sense of driving speed. The idea behind this research is: Can we change a viewer’s speed judgment by altering the background pattern along the driving path?

Three experiments were carried out in this research. In the first experiment, the effect of stripe pattern on a player’s speed judgment, and the degree of such effects due to different stripes was evaluated. In the second experiment, the effect of line orientations in a background pattern on a player’s judgment of speed was evaluated. In the last experiment, direction of movements was studied to see how forward movement and backward movement might affect the judgment of speed. The results show that, in a sample of six stripes, the inverse-arrow stripe results in a biased judgment towards higher speed. The orientation of a background pattern also has a significant effect on the judgment of speed. In the case of moving forwards, the greatest subjective speed is obtained when the driving movement and the stripe pattern are pointing to the opposite directions. However, when moving backwards the greatest speed occurs when the driving movement and the stripe pattern are pointing to the same direction.