認知風格與問題類型對青少年網路資訊尋求表現的影響

Abstract

本研究係探討不同的認知風格和問題類型對於68位九年級青少年之網路資訊尋求表現與檢索策略的影響。搜尋表現是以受試者在搜尋任務上的有效性與搜尋效率二個依變項的結果來衡量。並且以實際網路的檢索情形與受試者偏離搜尋目標的觀點，提出量化計算網路資訊尋求者之迷失度的方法。 分析實驗的結果，發現認知風格與問題類型二個因子在受試者採取瀏覽策略的頻率上有交互的影響—場域獨立者明顯地在結構不清的事實找尋任務中比其他二種問題類型採取瀏覽策略的頻率較高；而且場域獨立型的受試者，對於搜尋結果的有效性明顯較高，同時他們在搜尋過程的迷失程度則顯著的比場域依賴者低。另外，受試學生在事實找尋問題的搜尋有效性明顯較高、迷失度較低，且結構清楚的問題之搜尋效率最好；而問題類型對於資訊尋求者採取分析式檢索策略的影響亦達到顯著的水準。根據本研究的結果，可增進目前台灣在國中階段青少年之資訊尋求與資訊問題解決之技能養成情況的了解，並可供未來中、小學生資訊能力與資訊素養訓練課程的參考。

This study investigated the effects of 68 nine-grade Teenagers' cognitive style and task type on web information search performance and strategies. Search performance was assessed in two dependent variables：search effectiveness and efficiency. It also attempted to propose the quantitive measure of disorientation according to web search behavior and the bias of search goal. Results indicated that there was interaction effect on web browsing strategies between searchers’cognitive style and task type. Field independent searchers’ browsing strategies in ill-structure fact-finding task was significant more than the other two task type. And field independent searchers were significant higher effectiveness and lower disorientation than field dependent ones. Besides, in fact-finding tasks the subjects’ search effectiveness were significant higher and their web disorientation were also lower than open task. And there was the most high seach efficiency in well-structure problems. However, users’ frequency of using analysis search strategies in ill-structure fact-finding task and open task were also in significant level. Based on the findings, it could get forward the understanding of teenagers’ information search and information problem-solving skills, and be reference to possible changes of future information literacy training programs.