體感刺激對於空間巡航中腦波反應之差異

Abstract

空間巡行(spatial navigation)的策略，可依照參照系(reference frame)的不同，分成自我(egocentric)和環境(allocentric)兩種空間表示方式。在過去的研究發現，哺乳動物在做空間巡行時會大量依靠體感刺激 (kinesthetic stinuli)，尤其是依照自我參照的人。更因為過去再討論汽車駕駛的空間巡行能力，陷於實驗室的設備，無法做到給予一個體感刺激，去探討體感刺激對於駕駛者在做空間巡行時腦波的差異。本研究以腦電波(EEG)探討汽車駕駛，探討給予一個擬真的體感刺激對於駕駛者空間巡行時中腦波反應之差異。本實驗利用虛擬實境(Virtual Reality)技術，建構3D虛擬場景，模擬真實的駕車環境。在實驗中規劃隧道場景為主的實驗設計，在給予相同的視覺刺激下，此兩種參照系會產生對空間截然不同的描述，藉此，可有效區分出使用不同思考策略的受測者。在資料分析上，我們利用獨立成分分析(ICA)，將測量到的腦電波，分離成互相獨立的大腦訊號源，並以事件相關頻譜擾動(ERSP)之分析觀察自我參照系與環境參照系之間腦波頻率在時間上變化的差異。實驗結果發現，在自我參照系和環境參照系受測者之腦電波有顯著的差異。我們觀察到，大腦前庭區(Vestibular)在自我參照系的受測者，在空間巡航時，有較強烈的反應，由此可知，自我參照系的受測者是大量依靠體感刺激在做空間巡行。此實驗結果幫助我們更了解與空間巡行感知相關的腦神經網路，也對是一個空間與腦電波之相關性研究的重要貢獻。

The aim of this study was to investigate the differences of brain dynamics between the use of kinesthetic stimuli and without kinesthetic stimuli during spatial navigation. In the past studies have found that mammals are doing spatial navigation are highly relying on the self-motion (kinesthetic stinuli), in particular the people who are egocentric.In this study, brain waves (EEG) to explore the motorists to explore virtual reality to give a sense of the body to stimulate the space for the tour when the driver of the differences in EEG response. The results showed that egocentric and allocentric differences. Both tonic and phasic power changes were significantly different between the navigation strategy groups. Subjects who prefer to use egocentric spatial representation showed stronger activation in vestibular compnent during path integration whereas the subject using the alloocentric reference frames showed slight activation in vestibular component during path integration. The results of this experiment give us a better understanding and perception of space cruise-related brain network, also is a space of brain waves associated with the study an important contribution.