探討不同類型多媒體教材對低工作記憶能力者之學習成效－以國中數學『式子的化簡』為例

Abstract

使用多媒體融入教學是現今國內重要的教學趨勢，其學習成效也獲得多數研究肯定，但不同能力的學習者，須搭配適合的多媒體教材才能事半功倍；而好的代數運算能力可對數學及其他科學研究產生關鍵性的影響，且低工作記憶能力對學習成就的預測性是不可否認的。因此，本研究依據國中數學「式子的化簡」單元，設計、製作三種類型的多媒體教材，並藉此探討不同類型的多媒體教材對低工作記憶能力者在學習成效上的影響。 本研究自227位七年級的學生中，以工作記憶測驗篩選出59人並分成「低聲韻迴路能力」、「低視覺空間能力」及「低中央控制能力」三組。接著分別對三組學生施以具體、半具體與抽象三種不同類型的多媒體教材，並以統計方法找出何種類型的多媒體教材對各組學生的學習成效幫助最大。 研究結果如下： 一、具體教材及半具體教材可有效提升「低聲韻迴路能力」學生學習「式子的化簡」的學習成效。 二、具體教材可有效提升「低視覺空間能力」學生學習「式子的化簡」的學習成效。 三、三種多媒體教材均無法有效提升「低中央控制能力」學生學習「式子的化簡」的學習成效。

Using multimedia in teaching is a significant trend in Taiwan, and the learning achievement it creates is confirmed by most researches. But learners with different competence should use suitable multimedia courseware to enhance the effects. A good algebra calculating competence has critical impacts on mathematics and other scientific researches, and the predictability of working memory to working memory is undeniable. Thus, take the unit of “Polynomial Operations in Junior High School Mathematics” course as the example, the study aims to explore the impacts of different multimedia courseware on learning achievement of low working memory learners. Using “Working Memory Task”, the study selects 59 students out of 227 the 7th graders and divides them into three groups, which are low phonological loop, low visual-spatial sketchpad, and low central executive. And then the three groups are taught with three kinds of multimedia courseware, which are concrete materials, semi-concrete materials, and abstract materials, to explore which one is the most effective to different groups. Research findings are as follows： 1.Concrete materials and semi-concrete materials can effectively enhance the learning achievement of low phonological loop students. 2.Concrete materials can effectively enhance the learning achievement of low visual-spatial sketchpad students. 3.The three multimedia courseware cannot enhance the learning achievement of low central executive students.