高升壓變流器系統並使用FPGA控制器之設計與實現

Abstract

本論文實現一非隔離式高升壓比直流轉換器電路，及直流轉交流變流器電路，並設計兩電路之控制模式，導入場效可規畫邏輯陣列元件(FPGA)，實現電路控制。 非隔離式高升壓比直流轉換器可以將一低電壓的電壓源，利用改變轉換器開關責任週期，以相當高的升壓比例，在輸出端輸出十數倍於輸入電壓的輸出電壓，這種電路相當適合應用在光伏能模組的功率輸出上。本論文先介紹了研究的源起及趨勢，並將轉換器進行分析、設計。而為了將直流電轉成交流電，本論文另設計分析了一組直流-交流變流器，並將直流-交流變流器輸入端串接在直流-直流轉換器的輸出端，則直流-交流變流器的輸出端可輸出單相交流弦波。此外，為了能夠回授電壓，兩組電壓迴授電路亦被提出並分別使用在轉換器及變流器。 而為了操控此功率電路，一數位晶片亦被設計及實現。文中對回授控制、回授信號處理、開關驅動信號轉換三部分進行分析、設計，並將上述實現於場效可規畫邏輯陣列元件。

This thesis presents an inverter system, which includes a non-isolated high step-up ratio dc-to-dc converter, a dc-to-ac inverter, and a digital controller for the two circuits. The controller is implemented by an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). The non-isolated high step-up dc-to-dc converter can raise very low voltage to high voltage. By changing the duty ratio of the converter switch, the ratio of the output side can be more than ten times higher than the input side. It is suitable for photovoltaic energy conversion systems. This thesis introduces the reasons of the research and the trends at the beginning, then analyzes and designs the converter, and a dc-to-ac inverter. Output of the converter is connected to the input of the inverter to form a series connection, and then the inverter produces alternating current. There are also two circuits designed to feed back the voltage of the converter and the inverter output. In order to control the system, a digital circuit chip has been designed. The article analyzed and designed feedback control, signal processing, and switch driving signal transformation as implemented in the FPGA chip.