標題: 異質方向性感測器自我佈署問題之研究
Heterogeneous Directional Sensors Self-Deployment Problem in a Bounded Monitoring Area
作者: 陳冠樺
Chen, Kuan-Hua
林亭佑
電信工程研究所
關鍵字: 方向性感測器佈署;感測覆蓋率;虛擬邊界力矩;directional sensors deployment;sensing coverage;virtual boundary torques
公開日期: 2010
摘要: 良好的感測器佈署方式能使網路獲得有效的監控能力。不同於以往的全向性感測器,方向性感測器的感測範圍不只與感測半徑(距離)有關,並且也與感測器的方向和感測器的感測角度大小有關。基於材質與製作流程等之各種因素,不同的感測距離和感測角度大小是有可能存在在方向性感測器上的。而我們發現在方向性感測器網路裡,如果感測器只有旋轉而沒有移動能力時,是無法有效的提升整體感測覆蓋率的,因此在此篇論文裡,我們針對可移動且可旋轉的異質方向性感測器作討論,利用我們所提出的基礎佈署演算法和最佳化佈署演算法能夠在欲監控範圍中完成自我佈署且提升整體感測覆蓋率。 在基礎佈署演算法中,我們將不同的感測半徑與感測角度大小的方向性感測器對應到不同感測半徑的虛擬全向性感測器,並利用這些虛擬全向性感測器計算出各個方向性感測器的下個位置而完成自我佈署以提升整體覆蓋率。而在最佳化佈署演算法裡我們提出了一個全新的概念:virtual boundary torques,藉由virtual boundary torques我們除了可以更有效的提升感測覆蓋率外,也可以減少因感測器移動過多距離所產生的能量消耗。最後的模擬結果證實了我們的最佳化佈署機制能夠減少移動時所產生的能量耗損並提供令人滿意的監控能力。
Good deployment of sensors empowers the network with effective monitoring ability. Different from omnidirectional sensors, the coverage region of a directional sensor is determined by not only the sensing radius (distance), but also its sensing orientation and spread angle. Heterogeneous sensing distances and spread angles are likely to exist among directional sensors, to which we refer as heterogeneous directional sensors. In this thesis, we target on a bounded monitoring area and deal with heterogeneous directional sensors equipped with locomotion and rotation facilities to enable the sensors self-deployment. Our base and optimized deployment algorithms are proposed to achieve high sensing coverage ratio in the monitored field. These algorithms leverage the concept of virtual forces (for sensors movements) and virtual boundary torques (for sensors rotations). Performance results demonstrate that our optimized deployment mechanism is capable of providing desirable surveillance level, while consuming moderate moving and rotating energy.
URI: http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#GT079713538
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/44555
顯示於類別:畢業論文