以PDF為空間資訊數值印製檔探討

Abstract

紙圖出現後，地圖成為人類對於地理資訊的主要來源。隨著電子印刷格式的發布，也逐漸加重了對電子地圖的需要。以列印控制語言（Printer Command Language，PCL）、PostScript（PS）以及可攜式文件格式（Portable Document Format，PDF）為主要電子文件輸出格式。數值印製檔可由網際網路服務傳遞，直接於兩地間傳遞，減少紙圖運送的時間，並可於瀏覽器中了解圖資資訊。利用PDF製作空間資訊數值印製檔如同一般地圖紙圖呈現。在較周延之設計中，PDF地圖文件，除可展示地理資訊外，並可達到與使用者互動，增加地理資訊流通性與教育功能。 本研究利用不同來源與性質的圖資，與不同的輸出印刷軟體，產出PDF數值印製檔。分別針對不同資料性質、檔案大小、處理顏色和列印事項、詮釋資料的處理、使用Acrobat加密選項以及應用Acrobat導航特徵六點考量因素進行探討。進而了解PDF文件輸出之條件、程序及設定。使用之圖資包含太空梭雷達製圖任務（SRTM）臺灣地區DEM、平面空間圖徵、屬性資料和3D立體圖資之CAD圖檔，製作具有空間資訊之數值印製檔針對文件特色進行探討。具有空間資訊之PDF文件，可利用獨立或嵌入式軟體輸出具有多圖層及地理空間位置的數值印製檔，而可在成果中進行若干GIS基礎功能。此外，3D PDF則可提供三維化之視覺。

Maps printed on paper have been the major media of spatial information dissemination for many centuries. With the availability of digital print format, the demand for digital version map is increasing. Print Command Language (PCL), PostScript (PS) and Portable document format (PDF) are currently several popular digital output formats. Digital prints can be transferred through Internet. Frequently, the time required for transmitting a digital map is less than what required for delivering a paper print. And, the graphical information could be displayed and observed with a browser on the client side computer. The PDF map could be viewed in the same way as a printed map. With more thoughtful design, PDF map can not only provide spatial information as a printed map, but also could be interactive with the user. This study utilizes several different type data from difference sources. Several PDF printer software are used for generating PDF files. Six subjects, namely, map source with different characteristics, file size, color processing and printing options, metadata, file security assignment, and navigation capability, are comparatively studied. The conditions for PDF file printing, the process and parameter settings are explored. The map sources used include SRTM data, Taiwan DEM, planimetric features, attributes, and three dimensional CAD file. The type of software used includes both standalone program, and plug-ins. With the spatial aware software, the produced PDF map is capable of supporting basic GIS functions. Meanwhile, the 3D PDF files provide three dimensional viewing capability.