以時域和頻域的方法來探討禪坐心電圖的特性

Abstract

本研究的目的在於探討禪坐時心電圖的變化，結果將與靜坐休息下的控制組作比較。心率變異特性分析對評估心臟自主神經的調節功能已被證實是有效且是非侵入式的分析工具，所以我們可以藉由心率變異特性來評估禪定對心臟自主神經調節功能的影響。本研究總共收集了43位受測者的實驗資料(實驗組：25人；控制組：18人)，我們的目的是要分析兩組間統計上的差異。分析方法為時域分析和頻域分析，而其結果是根據一些要素如受測者的性別和坐姿來加以分析，最後量化的特徵將依時域和頻域分析中的各個參數以FCM(Fuzzy C-means)來作分類。 由實驗結果得到兩個結論：(1) 在時域分析方面，實驗組中採雙盤坐姿的受測者平均來說，在禪定過程當中所有的參數值(MRR,SDRR,RMSSD)都是減少的，而控制組平均而言，參數SDRR和RMSSD在休息過程中是呈現增加的趨勢；(2) 在頻域分析方面，代表交感神經活性的參數nLF和代表自律神經系統平衡的參數Ratio of LF/HF，實驗組中採單盤坐姿的受測者平均來說，是低於控制組的；相反的，代表副交感神經活性的參數nHF、HF，實驗組中採單盤坐姿的受測者平均來說，則是高於控制組的。 因此可以推測禪定與放鬆休息對心率變異和自主神經系統的調節有不同的效果.而不同的禪定姿勢所造成的效果亦不相同。

The purpose of this research is to discuss the variation of ECG during meditation, and the result will be compared with that of the control group under resting. The analysis of heart rate variability is verified to be effective for estimating the modulation of heart autonomic nerves, and it is also a non-invasive analyzing tool. So we may make use of HRV (heart rate variability) to evaluate the effect of meditation on the modulation of heart autonomic nerves. There are 43 subjects (experimental subjects: 25; control subjects: 18) in this research totally. We aim to analyze the statistical difference between two groups. The analyzing methods include time domain analysis and frequency domain analysis. The results are analyzed according to such factors as gender and meditation posture of the subjects. Finally quantitative features are classified by FCM ( Fuzzy C-means ) depending on each parameter in time and frequency domain analysis. Two conclusions are drawn from the results：(1) In the time-domain analysis, all the parameters (MRR, SDRR, and RMSSD) tend to decrease when the experimental subjects adopting full-lotus posture enter the meditation session. In the control group, SDRR and RMSSD increase during the resting process. (2) In the frequency-domain analysis, the parameter reflecting the activation of sympathetic system, nLF, and the parameter indicating the balance of autonomic nervous system(ANS), ratio of LF/HF, are both higher for the control subjects in comparison with those of the experimental subjects who adopt half-lotus posture. On the contrary, the parameters reflecting the activation of parasympathetic system, nHF, and HF of the control subjects are lower than those of the experimental subjects who adopt half-lotus posture. Therefore we may infer that the effects of meditation on the HRV and on the modulation of ANS are different from those of resting. In addition, the results obtained from meditators using various meditation postures are also distinct.