交通執法項目與獎勵配分之檢討研究

Abstract

交通執法有加強道路交通管理、維護交通秩序、確保交通安全的功能，為使員警能積極執法且藉以評估員警的執法績效，警界有一種獎勵配分制度。當員警完成取締工作時可獲得該執法項目的配分，配分累積到一定分數時可獲得記功嘉獎，對員警的升遷有著密切的關係，故部分員警會有想以最短時間獲得更多配分，因而偏好難度較低但相對可獲得較高配分的執法項目的情形。 本研究利用試題反應理論中之Rasch模式量測交通執法項目的取締困難度、對用路人安全重要度、對交通影響重要度，並探討與執法項目獎勵配分間的關係。研究結果發現交通執法項目的獎勵配分並非困難度、重要度高之執法項目可獲得高配分的合理狀況，此結果應是現行的獎勵配分是依專案方式給分造成。現行的執法配分多以專案來做項目的給分範圍，但這就產生政府當前重視的專案，其配分往往高得離譜。依專案來給與配分範圍，會有使員警專注於高配分範圍專案之虞，且專案中並不是每個執法項目都是重要的。本研究建議應將交通執法項目的獎勵配分做適度調整，同時考量執法項目的取締困難度、對用路人安全的重要度以及對交通狀況影響的重要度，以提升員警的執法積極度，不會對執法項目有所取捨。

Traffic enforcement is purposed to manage vehicular traffic, provide traffic regulatory, and ensure public safety. In order to better evaluate and incentivize traffic officers’ performances, there is an evaluation and reward system developed. The system rewards traffic officers with points for completing assigned tasks. The number of reward points can highly influence an officer’s promotion opportunity. Most officers are looking to earn the most reward points with the shortest time. Hence, officers are incurred by simple tasks with high reward points. The study is conducted based on Rasch model in item response theory to examine the relation between the reward points and difficulty of traffic enforcement, importance to road users safety, and importance to traffic order. Study shows that reward points are not distributed based on difficulty of traffic enforcement, or the importance of the tasks, but by case method. Currently, reward points are distributed based on specific cases. However, this approach often favors cases that heavily focused by government agency. Officers are more drawn to favored cases because of the reward points. However, not all the item in the cases are important to public safety. This study recommends a degree of adjustment to the reward points to reflect the difficulty of traffic enforcement, importance to road users safety, and importance to traffic order. System should equally incentivize to all tasks to discourage officer from favoring some tasks over others.