珍•瑞斯《夢迴藻海》中歇斯底里欲望的辯證

Abstract

此論文採用精神分析的觀點來閱讀珍瑞斯的小說《夢迴藻海》。在此架構下探討書中男主角Rochester和女主角Bertha的歇斯底里欲望，以及為何女主角最後發瘋而男主角最後變得冷酷無情。 全文共分為五章節，第一章說明為何要分析這本小說。第二章著重在Rochester的害怕與欲望，並藉由他對父親的書信來闡釋他所欲望的是父親對他的愛和認可。第三章討論女主角發瘋的原因，她的精神狀況並非源自母親的遺傳基因，而是源於她童年的記憶和她歇斯底里的亟欲想獲得Rochester的愛。第四章回應了Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar 對於Jane and Bertha的看法，討論Jane and Bertha的關係更加說明了Rochester是歇斯底里主體，因為他無時無刻都陷在對父親錯誤的認同中。最後，經過一連串的探討，此論文揭開錯誤地認同別人欲望的結果以及《夢迴藻海》的歇斯底里主體。

This thesis adopts a psychoanalytic reading to analyze Jean Rhys’ novel Wide Sargasso Sea. Under such a framework, I discuss Rochester and Berthas’ hysterical desire and study the reasons why Bertha has gone mad and Rochester’s behavior has turned so cold and unfriendly. The thesis is divided into five chapters. Chapter one introduces the main reasons why I want to make an analysis on Wide Sargasso Sea. Chapter two concerns what Rochester fears and desires. I will further elucidate Rochester’s hysterical desire as derived from his letter to his father. What Rochester longs for is his father’s love and recognition. Chapter three clarifies the origin of Antoinette’s madness. Her madness is not passed down by her mother; instead, her childhood memories and hysterical desire in gaining love from Rochester have both contributed to her madness. In chapter four, I respond to Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar’s view of Jane and Bertha being each own double. A discussion of Jane and Bertha relationship highlights Rochester as a hysterical subject who has falsely identified with his father’s desire. Finally, this thesis unveils what it would be like to falsely identify with the desire of the Other and what a hysterical subject means in this context. Using the findings above, I unearth the hidden message of Wide Sargasso Sea.