以感應器為基礎的太陽能採集系統

Abstract

追日系統為一控制太陽能板轉動使其能垂直面像太陽以獲得最大的太陽照射率，本研究為設計一套低成本也更有效率的主動式追日系統(close loop solar tracking system)，藉由光感測器來評估並計算出當時的太陽入射角以及方位角以控制太陽能板做轉動。在此篇論文中我們首先先定義了一個k個感測器組成的感測塔的追日問題(K-sensor sensing tower sun-tracking problem)，接者我們針對此問題提出了一個繞球轉動的追日演算法(Sphere-rotated sun-tracking algorithm)，透過我們的演算法能更快速且更有效率的達到追日效果。

另外我們也針對我們所設計的演算法做了一些模擬實驗，首先先針對感測塔的不同的形狀做分析，分析當感測塔上感測器的個數以及感測塔與地面的夾角不同時需要轉動太陽能板到太陽位置的轉動次數，也由實驗中找出能以最少次數轉動到太陽位置的組合。除此之外我們也比較了傳統感測器型追日系統以及我們所設計的追日系統的產能效率，在模擬結果中可看出可以看出我們所設計的追日系統能比傳統式追日系統能提升更多的產能。最後我們實作了一組追日系統，它是由感測塔以及機械手臂所組成，此套追日系統是由我們所設計的感測塔去計算出當時太陽的位置並且透過機械手臂去控制太陽能板去作轉動以達到有效追日的效果。

The goal of sun-tracking system is to control the angle of the solar panel with a certain degree of accuracy to utilize the energy gain. The main goal of our work is to develop a low-cost and energy-efficient close-loop solar tracking system which utilizes light sensors to estimate the incident angle and azimuth angle of the sun light. In this paper, we first study the k-sensing tower sun-tracking problem. Then, we propose a sphere-rotated solar-tracking algorithm to solve the problem that uses k-sensing tower to efficiently track the sun.

We also conduct several simulations to find rotation count with the impact of k (shape of sensing tower) and the inclination angle □ of the sensing tower in whole daytime. Additionally, we show that our method has better performance than the traditional system on the power generation effective. Moreover, we implement the solar tracking system by using a sensing tower and a robot arm. The sensing tower will estimate the azimuth and light incident angle. Therefore, the sensing tower will trigger the robot arm rotating according to our estimated angles to achieve sun tracking system.