音樂節奏複雜度之情感及節奏認知研究

Abstract

本論文研製之探討音樂節奏複雜度的數學計算方法，以及與音樂情感及節奏特徵的關聯性，建構節奏複雜度的概念。使用五種計算方法去分析音樂資料的節奏複雜度，並藉由音樂實驗找出與人類感知最接近的數學計算方法。根據實驗結果發現，使用節奏韻制結構以及權重分佈的數學計算方法，與人的感知仍較為接近，而以自相關函數做為節奏複雜度分析方法，其實驗結果沒有Metrical Complexity、WNBD、Fitch and Rosendeld、LHL這四個方法符合人類感知。而其他實驗結果包括節奏複雜程度增加，音樂激昂程度也會增加；節奏複雜程度增加，節奏變化程度增加，節奏規律程度、穩定程度、明顯程度則減少，為節奏複雜度的情感與相關節奏特徵的現象，建構至音樂節奏複雜度概念中。本研究的音樂實驗以改變節奏切分程度為操縱變因，並將音樂分做前後兩段且旋律相同，主要觀察改變節奏影響的變項與造成的現象，並以探討音樂節奏複雜度為本研究重點。

This study discusses the mathematical methods of the musical rhythm complexity, and the correlation with the music emotions and rhythm features. We use five mathematical methods to analyze musical data, and conduct a musical experiment to find the better methods that approach the human perception. According to the experimental result, the methods using the weights of the metrical hierarchy are still close to the human perception. The method of rhythm complexity, Autocorrelation-based measure, is not better than Metrical Complexity, WNBD, Fitch and Rosenfeld and LHL. The other experimental result includes the condition that, when the rhythm complexity increases, the arousal increases; the rhythm complexity increases, the rhythm variety, regularity, firm increase, and rhythm outstanding decreases. These are the emotion and rhythm features phenomenon of rhythm complexity, and the phenomenon can be the conception of rhythm complexity. The musical experiment of this study takes rhythm syncopation as the independent variables, and the music stimulus which can be divided into two patterns. The anterior and posterior melody is the same, but rhythm is different. We observe the affected event and the caused phenomenon when music rhythm is changed, with discussing musical rhythm complexity is this study’s main point.