適用於可攜式連續波擴散光學斷層掃描之高效率晶片設計

Abstract

在1994年時，台灣已有超過7%的人年齡在65歲以上，顯示台灣逐漸邁向高齡化社會。這個現象不僅僅只有在台灣而已，全球皆有此趨勢。因此，對於老年人口快速增加，如何建立一個大眾化的健康照護系統是近年來相當重要的課題。也就是說，建立一可攜式-即時生醫監測系統給急需要的人使用是一個很好的想法。在這篇論文裡，針對十大國人死因之惡性腫瘤(特指女性乳癌)和腦血管疾病提出一連續式擴散光學斷層掃描訊號處理晶片系統，適用於偵測均勻介質中的異物分佈位置。本系統利用超大型積體電路設計概念與技術，為達成系統可攜式的目標和即時處理完畢之需求。系統主要功能區塊包含系統控制單元、前向模型產生器、Jacobi 奇異值分解器和影像重建處理器。目前，大部分連續式擴散光學斷層掃描處理器無法即時產生前項模型和逆向求解，以至於便利性的降低，而龐大的系統體積，使得使用環境上受到限制，因此，本研究建立之系統有其重大的貢獻。同時，相對應的前端電路也已設計完成。此系統在ARM-based的系統晶片驗證平台上得到功能性的驗證，同時也被實際應用在即時擴散光學斷層掃描應用系統中，以及過國家晶片中心將此系統進行下線使用台灣積體電路公司90奈米CMOS技術製程。

In 1994, seven out of one hundred people in Taiwan are over sixty-five years old and thus Taiwan was characterized as an aging society. This phenomenon is not only in Taiwan but also around the world. For the elder population is increasing, a popular health-care system for public usage has become an important issue in recent years, and that is, building a portable biomedical real-time monitory system is useful for people urgently in need. In this thesis, a System on a Chip design (SoC) for continuous wave (CW) diffusion optical tomography (DOT) signal processor is presented, and which aims to help outpatients discover and monitor breast cancer and stroke in early stage, and thus for physician’s early diagnosis. The proposed system is able to detect impurities in homogeneous medium, i.e. human body. For portable goal and requirement of real-time analysis, very-large-scale integration (VLSI) technique is used to implement CW-DOT health-care system. The main function of the system include system controller, forward model generator, Jacobi singular value decomposition (JSVD) engine, and image reconstructor. Especially, most of currently CW-DOT systems for generating forward model and solving inverse problem are usually performed by off-line computation so that real-time calculation will be a valuable contribution. And large system size makes inconvenient in actual usage. The corresponding front-end sensor circuit is also complete. Finally, the system performs successful work on ARM-based SoC platform and applied in real-time DOT application system. Also, the system is implemented by Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 90nm CMOS technology through the National Chip Implementation Center (CIC).