觸摸式自由形透鏡之設計與其在人機介面之輸入裝置上的運用

Abstract

在人機介面中，傳統的機械式輸入裝置已經被廣泛的使用在各種地方，但往往受限於機構設計而無法有效的縮小尺寸，且隨著使用頻率增加的裝置的壽命也隨之縮短。新式的光學式輸入裝置因具有微小、高靈敏度與損耗低等優點，近來已經慢慢取代部分的機械裝置。在此篇論文中，我們提出一種光學式的輸入裝置設計，其具有體積小且適用於攜帶式裝置的優點。 我們提出一個觸摸式的光學輸入裝置，藉由將收集觸碰的人體或物體表面資訊轉換成相對應的指令以控制機器，此裝置由兩個自由形的透鏡組組成，自由形透鏡本身具有將光路折疊以達到縮小體積的目的，加上觸摸式設計使之易於使用在攜帶式裝置上。 在論文中，我們先以近軸光學做簡易的成像計算，再以光學軟體輔助設計與優化，最後針對此設計做簡單的容忍度分析，分析此設計在製造上需求的精準度，驗證此設計的可行性。 最後，根據文中所做的設計與分析，此設計可能需要較為高的加工精度，但也確實是一個可以實現的設計。

Traditional mechanistic input device of human machine interface is widely used in life. Since the mechanism has a limit size for user controlling, the system size can’t be reduced effectively. The wastage also is high when it’s used frequently. But the optical device, a new kind of device, is compact, sensitive and durable than mechanical one. Therefore, the optical input device is popular and everywhere now. In this thesis, we provided a simple optical device that is compact and useful for mobile device. We offer a touch optical input device; it captures the information from the surface of contacting object or skin. The information will be transferred to electric signal for controlling the device. The device combines two free-form lens, which the free-from lens can fold the optical axis and, therefore, the system size will be reduced. Compact system and touch control is fit to mobile device application. We will show a complete design flow in this thesis. First, we use paraxial optics to do an approximation computing for this image system. Then the optical design software helps us to modify and optimize the system. Finally, we also use the software to analysis the preliminary tolerance of this design. This step offers a concept of the accuracy on manufacture of this design. According to the tolerance analysis, this design needs high accuracy on some parts; hence the manufacturing threshold is higher. But it’s a possible design on realize.