應用BIM及電腦模擬於結構工程之工期估算

Abstract

營建工程工期之訂定，一般多靠著承辦人員本身之專業知識及先前之相關工程經驗來估算。由於其主觀成份與不確定性顯著，導致工期展延與成本超支成為營建業普遍存在的問題。 為了提升工程工期估算之效率與正確性，本研究以RC 建築結構工程為例，應用建築資訊模型(Building Information Modeling, BIM)及電腦模擬(STate and ResOurce Based Simulation of COnstruction ProcEsses,STROBOSCOPE)為資訊科技應用方向，建立一個「結構工程工期自動估算模式」。 此外，為實現結合BIM 與STROBOSCOPE 之工期自動估算模式，本研究已利用Microsoft Visual Basic 程式軟體開發出一套「結構工程工期自動估算系統」，其可藉由資料庫系統來自動讀取BIM模型之結構數量資訊，並可透過操作介陎來調整工率、工人數、機具數、是否加班等施工條件，系統會根據已讀取之所需工料及使用者所指派之施工條件，模擬出各工項之工期及開始時間，使用者也可透過系統進行多次模擬以尋求較佳之施工計畫，最後系統會自動產生工程進度表，並自動匯入Microsoft Office Project中，以方便後續進度管理上之操作與使用。

Estimated duration of construction projects in general, contractors estimated estimated them to rely on own expertise and the previous experience of related engineering. Because of its subjective and uncertainties significantly, resulting in cost overruns and schedule delay to become a common problem in construction industry. In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of estimates the duration, this research take RC building structural engineering as an example, application of BIM(Building Information Modeling) and computer simulation(STate and ResOurce Based Simulation of COnstruction ProcEsses, STROBOSCOPE) for information technology Applications, and create a "Structural Engineering－Duration Automatic Estimating Mode." In addition, to achieve the “Duration Automatic Estimate Model” combine BIM with STROBOSCOPE, this research has used Microsoft Visual Basic programming software to develop a "Structural Engineering－Duration Automatic Estimating System", which automatically read the BIM model’s quantity of structure information by the database system, and work through the user interface to adjust the work rate, the number of workers, equipment number, if overtime and other construction conditions. The system will read the necessary work of construction materials and conditions assigned by the user, to simulate the duration and the start time of each activity. The user can also simulate several times to find a better construction plan through the system. Finally, the system will automatically output project schedule, and automatically input the Microsoft Office Project in order to help the follow-up use and operation of management.