丁字路口闖紅燈行為研究

Abstract

丁字路口的衝突點比十字路口少，因此闖紅燈的行為會有所不同。本研究在中壢市及桃園市選取4處丁字路口及1處十字路口進行觀察，其中一處路口作為對照組，而實驗組則是路口有遲閉時相路口、路口紅燈時相較長、路口有紅燈倒數計時及十字路口等4處不同環境變數的路口，以錄影方式搜集各路口車流量、闖紅燈車輛等資料，並於其中一個路口進行夜間的錄影。使用紅燈時相占周期長度的比例來推算每小時紅燈時相抵達之車流量，以此作為曝露量基礎來討論各路口闖紅燈比例。結果發現不論何種路口，直行闖紅燈車輛的闖紅燈時間點都集中於紅燈時相開始的百分之十及結束的百分之十，十字路口在紅燈時段中間的百分之八十幾乎沒有車輛敢穿越路口，而丁字路口因為不會有右側來車，約有四分之一的闖紅燈直行車輛會在紅燈時段中間的百分之八十通過；左轉的闖紅燈時間點並無明顯特徵；流量較低的夜間時段闖紅燈比率較高；在能夠觀察是否有載客及駕駛人的性別的樣本中，男性與無載客的樣本較多；左轉遲閉時相會使得在紅燈時段的前百分之十闖紅燈比率降低，因為會受到待轉格內車流影響；紅燈倒數計時顯示裝置能讓車輛準確的在綠燈時才通過路口，因此紅燈時段的最後百分之十闖紅燈比率較低；大型車與小型車會因車體較大而不願急減速，造成大型車與小型車的闖紅燈時間點集中於紅燈時段的前百分之十；而機車有高度的機動性，會在紅燈時段的最尾端時即提前起動，造成機車會在紅燈時段的最後百分之十闖紅燈。

The conflict points are much less at a T-junction than at a crossroad, thus making the red light running behavior at these two locations far different from each other. This research chooses 4 T-junctions and one crossroad in Zhongli City and Taoyuan City to observe the behavior. One of the T-junctions is chosen as the control site. Four different environment variables were selected for comparison: T-junction with left-turn lagging phase, T-junction with longer red-light phase, T-junction with red-light count-down displays, and the crossroad. The data were collected by video recording at each intersection, with one site recorded at night time. The result showed that red light running occurred most at the first 10% and the last 10% of a red phase. Drivers who decided to go straight in a crossroad hesitate to run red lights at the intermediate 80% time of a red phase, while about one quarter of drivers who run red lights at T-junctions violated at the intermediate 80% time of a red phase. Left turn in a red phase would disperse. At night, when the traffic is light, red light running rate is higher than that at daytime. Males and drivers who didn‟t accompanied by passengers are the major violators of the red light running. The rate of red light running at the first 10% of a red phase is less at T-junction with left-turn lagging phase, because hook-turn motorcycles would block the cars or motorcycles which intended to cross the junction. The T-junctions with red-light count-down displays give drivers clear forehead time when the light would change to red, thus reduce red light running at the last 10% red phase. Full-size cars and compact cars tend to run the red light during the first 10% of a red phase because of their large momentum. Motorcycles and bicycles, which have higher mobility would take off early, reflected by the result that their red light running often occur during the last 10% of a red phase.