運用財務指標分析兩岸太陽能電池產業競爭優勢

Abstract

化石燃料價格日益上漲，與「降低全球暖化」與「推動零碳環境」觀念推動下，各個國家開始積極尋找替代資源。目前全球約有46個主要國家積極推動太陽光電發電系統之設置推廣，各國政府採取強而有利的經濟誘因制度，促使太陽光電發電產業成為再生能源中，最具有產業發展潛力的能源工業。 台灣的太陽能產業2010年產值達1900億元新台幣、太陽能電池產值居全球第4、產品98%外銷，顯示台灣的綠能產業發展中以太陽能產業的發展較為成熟、產值最大並且以出口為導向，預估到2015年台灣太陽能電池可占全球產值的20%，極具繼「兩兆雙星」產業後成為第三個兆元產業之潛力。 中國方面，太陽能電池產業在產量、產能的擴增上都居世界之冠，政府政策方面「可再生能源發展“十一五”規劃」，不僅對於環保能源產業給予相當的補貼，並且積極的由政府推動中國的綠能內需市場。 由於太陽能的生產版塊已移往亞太地區，尤其是兩岸太陽能電池的生產占全球比重已達五成的水準，因此本研究欲藉由杜邦恆等式之財務績效指標來瞭解台灣和中國太陽能電池廠商的競爭優勢來源與資源構型。

Due to the increasing environmental issues such as pollution or energy crisis, people begin to regard environmental sustainability as an important topic in recent years. Solar energy is one of important substitute energies because of its pollution-free characteristics, stability and decreasing cost trend. Therefore, the governments are committed to develop and promote the solar photovoltaic industry. In near years, the ways that many companies enter the solar cell market are strategy ventures, and vertical integration to increase production. According to statistics, the production area of photovoltaic products has been moved quickly from Europe to Asia after the financial crisis in 2008. The two of the fastest growing areas are China and Taiwan. Due to geographical environment, development conditions, government policies and other industrial factors, photovoltaic products from China and Taiwan continue to increase in the global market share. Based on financial indicators abstracted from the DuPont analysis, this study provides a competitive advantage analysis of four enterprises in the photovoltaic industry in Taiwan and China.