摩爾弗蝶鱗片的結構性顏色技術開發

Abstract

Morpho 蝴蝶的結構性顏色有著非常驚人的特性，能向廣泛的角 度範圍均勻反射單一顏色、在非金屬材料上散發如金屬的光澤；有關 結構性顏色的相關研究非常多樣，但在複製製作方面的研究並不多 見。 本研究的目的是要開發Morpho 蝴蝶的結構性顏色技術，嘗試不 以半導體製程技術製作多層膜，而改以高分子材料取代 跟 為 多層膜材料來完成微結構，期望使製出的薄膜重現結構性顏色。 研究中採用Akira Satio 等人設計的“不連續多層微結構”，以旋 轉塗佈的方式在設定好的微模板上堆疊多層膜，觀察製作出的成品， 以光譜儀(spectrophotometer)測量成品反射出的色彩，並與先前的論文 進行比較。 結果顯示高分子材料配合旋轉塗佈的方式，可以達到所需薄膜的 厚度並進行堆疊，使成品達到類似Morpho 蝴蝶的結構性顏色的特性， 在大範圍內呈現單一顏色、向廣泛的角度範圍均勻反射單一顏色；要 改變其顏色只需改變薄膜厚度即可達到效果，不過顏色受限於光線經 過多層干涉後的波長曲線影響。本研究的結果證明，使用高分子材料 亦可使用此種微結構製作結構性色彩，讓結構性顏色能受人控制並加 以利用，且不需要過多的技術成本即能符合其應用的便利性。雖然薄 膜的結構強度及產生的顏色波長組合會有限制，但材料較容易加工， 在配合其它的製程技術上會有更多的變化。

The structural color of Morpho butterflies has some amazing characteristics. It can reflect a single color in a wide angular range while maintaining high reflectivity. Additionally, it has a metallic luster despite being composed of non-metallic materials. There has been a lot of research on the structural color, but very few of them have focused on its reproduction and application. This thesis focuses on the research of the reproduction of the structural color on the Morpho butterflies’ scales. By substituting polymers for and on the multi-film material used to fabricate the micro-structural, it is expected to reproduce the same structural color as found in the Morpho butterfly. This research applies “discrete multilayer microstructure” (designed by Akira Satio et al) in the experiment, and uses spin coating to produce a polymer multilayer. After the product is completed, the spectrophotometer is utilized to survey the reflected wavelength of the color. The result shows that by using spin coating to produce a polymer multilayer and controlling the thickness of film on the multilayer, the product achieves the structural color characteristic of Morpho butterflies. Changing the thickness of the film will simply change the color reflected by the product, but the combination of the wavelength will be restricted within the wavelength curve of the multilayer interference. This thesis proves that by using polymer material in this microstructure can reproduce structural color. It’s much easier and more convenient to control and apply structural color without needing a lot of capitalized cost on manufacturing. Although the structural strength of the film is weak and the combination of the wavelength is restricted, the material is more easily processed. Therefore, there will be more possible variations in conjunction with other processing technology.