綠色營建專案管理做法之分析與案例探討

Abstract

過去國內營建專案對於永續、環保的概念以行動實踐，遵循綠建築評估系統，無論是美國能源及環境先導設計(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, LEED)，或者由內政部建築研究所研訂之綠建築九大指標(Ecology, Energy Saving, Waste Reduction, and Health, EEWH）評估系統等，在生態、節能、減廢、健康等各大範疇中都積極研發、使用綠建材取代傳統建材，以達到永續發展的目的。然而國內產、學、官鮮少針對綠色營建專案的管理層面進行探討，大都僅關注技術層面的改進，過去營建專案管理人員通常以個人經驗為基礎，進行工程專案管理。反觀國外發展，近年來「綠色專案管理」一詞逐漸嶄露，強調對於綠色專案中管理層面的重視，此時合適之專案管理程序則極為重要。 本研究首先根據國外綠色營建專案管理相關之文獻資料，彙整綠色營建專案管理之程序，接著透過三個不同案例之專家訪談，將國內營建專案與國外文獻之異同進行分析與調整，最後以施工階段之營建廢棄物處理程序的實際案例探討，說明綠色營建專案的經濟效益。研究結果可分為兩部份：第一，國外與國內之考量與執行狀況有些許不同，國外之考量與做法不完全適用於國內工程專案，本研究將此結果整理成表列式指導原則供工程人員參考；第二，傳統營建專案與綠色營建專案之經濟效益具有顯著差異，綠色營建專案管理之營建廢棄物處理方式較傳統營建專案之營建廢棄物單位面積產生量減少23%，單位面積處理費用下降50%，相較於傳統營建專案管理之處理方式更有效率，且對於環境負擔較低，應有助於提升營建專案管理之適當性，亦可作為業界進行營建專案管理之參考。

In the past, to reach the goal of sustainable development and environment protection, construction projects follow the rules of green building rating system such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) and Ecology, Energy Saving, Waste Reduction, and Health (EEWH). These systems research and develop the use of green building materials actively to replace traditional building materials in various aspects. However, government-industry-university seldom investigate green construction project through the aspect of management. In Taiwan, most of the related studies focus on technical level improvement such as building material replacement. In contrast, the study of “green project management” is rising recently in foreign countries, and they are emphasis on the aspect of management which means that project management process is very important. In foretime, managers usually manage engineering projects base on their experiences. This research, first, synthesizes green construction project management process according to related literatures, and then compare with three case studies by interviewing with experts. After that, analysis and adjust with the differences and similarities. At last, a case study of construction waste disposal in construction stage of engineering proof that considering economic value, there are significant differences between GCPM and the traditional one. There two parts of the research. The result shows that a green project management guideline for construction, and the total amount of construction waste in GCPM was 23% less, and it reduced disposal cost 50% than traditional construction project management. It is more efficient and less burden on the environment. It can help not only upgrade the appropriateness of construction project management process but also to be a guideline for engineers.