應用加權主成份分析與IMR管制圖建構軟體發展流程管制系統

Abstract

軟體產業之能力成熟度整合模式(Capability Maturity Model Integration, CMMI) 為國際軟體組織認同的一套管理軟體發展流程之標準程序，共分為五個層級：初始、管理、定義、量化管理、最佳化。雖然CMMI指導手冊建議，在發展CMMI高階能力成熟度(high maturity level)模式，可使用統計製程管制(Statistical process control, SPC)方法中的管制圖(control chart)，來幫助軟體公司達到第四層級量化管理的目標，但是，傳統使用在製造業的方法，並無法直接導入軟體產業使用，各家軟體公司對其產品需求之規格並不一致，並且需同時評估多個績效指標，因此，應用SPC原理來建構軟體發展流程之管制圖時相當困難。本研究建構一套協助軟體公司通過CMMI第四層級認證時所需之軟體發展流程管制系統，應用加權主成份分析(weighted principal components analysis, WPCA)與管制圖，發展一套可同時監控軟體發展流程多個績效指標之模式，以有效評估軟體公司之軟體發展流程及改善其開發能力。本研究最後利用一個實際案例來建構本研究所發展之管制系統，以說明本研究之有效性。

The Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI), a standard procedure of managing software development process (SDP), is widely adopted by international software organizations. The staged approach of CMMI yields appraisal results as one of five maturity levels: Initial, Managed, Defined, Quantitatively Management, and Optimizing. Application of statistical process control (SPC) was recommended by CMMI for high maturity levels (i.e. quantitatively management and optimizing levels). Because the software specifications software may be different for different software organizations, and many performance indices of SDP must be assessed simultaneously to meet the requirements of high maturity levels of CMMI. The conventional SPC tools are difficult to implement in SDP of software industry. Therefore, this study aims to develop a multivariate control system for SDP using weighted principal components analysis (WPCA) to meet the requirements of maturity level 4 of CMMI. Finally, a case from a Taiwanese software company and a simulated case of SDP are utilized to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.