含油材料擠出成型之研究

Abstract

本研究之目的乃是於利用積木型雙螺桿擠出機，製造外徑50mm，內 徑 40mm管狀之含油軸承。新性能之含油軸承巳由蕭興仁教授等，於前些 年由國科會補助研究成功。以往製造試片都利用射出成型機製作，但是由 於新材料之磨擦係數非常之低，它在射出機料筒(barrel)螺桿無法帶動， 因而效率非常不佳，曾經設法以加壓進料等手段改善，然績效欠佳，乃積 極購置積木型雙螺桿擠出機研究擠出成型，藉以能建立迅速製作自潤材料 之技術。利用雙螺桿擠出之工業最近非常興盛，尤其是有關異形成型更是 發展輝煌。在普通泛用ＰＶＣ等管狀製作技術早巳建立，不過有關ＰＯＭ ，尤其是含油材料之技術尚未有人研究過。 管狀體壁一旦厚度大，則 由於熱傳導係數低之關係，熔融之塑料固化不易均勻，因為目前之模具設 計僅採外冷式，故效果難瑧，目前可以製作外表平滑之管，但內面尚難平 滑達推力試驗機使用。 @ 由於機器試車方從今年３月初開始，各種部 分，諸如：蜂巢板，心軸長度，定型模真空，冷卻等都探討研究，由於時 間太短促，尚未十分理想，將來可能須從心軸冷卻系統之開發方可改善管 內面平滑之要求。 This study aimed to develop the oil contained selflubrication bearing material in a shape of tube ,being outer diameter of 50mm and inner diameter of 40mm. To use injection molding machine to make specimens is one of the most common methods ,though. This method is very difficult to operate and to inject the mixture of solid resin and liquid oil material ,because of the low frictional coefficient of molten material hard to process in machine barrel. In order to increase the productivity ,a segmental intermeshig co-rotating twin screw extruder applied. The tchnologies of tubing plastics material ,such as PVC and some normal pope type ,established very well in commercial. The thick wall as large as 5mm of POM ,especially containing oil ,is a challenge task at present. Many approaches ,such as the material supplying system ,arrangement of the screw segments , changing the type of honeycomb plate ,length of heart axis ,sizing model ,vacuum modeling ,and cooling system ,were undertaken and discussed. A normal tube having a very smooth surface could extrude easily. The operation conditions of plain resin could not apply to the molted mass containing oil directly. In this study require not only outer surface of tube ,but also an utmost smoothness on inner surface for to adapt to the thrust testing machine. In the process of purchasing this machine ,a long time had been delayed and set up for testing run was at the beginning of May 1993. Some original designs of this machine ,however ,not correct and must change later. The goal will be soon reach after advance testing.