Title: | 金屬/N型氮化鎵歐姆電性接點及氮化鎵材料的反應性離子蝕刻之研究 The Study of the Metal/n-GaN Ohmic Contacts and the RIE Etching of GaN Materials |
Authors: | 呂英敏 Yingming Lu 張翼 Edward Y. Chang 材料科學與工程學系 |
Keywords: | 活性離子蝕刻; 氮化鎵; 歐姆接點;reactive ion etching; GaN; Ohmic contact |
Issue Date: | 1993 |
Abstract: | 此論文探討氮化鎵在CH4/H2、CF4、CF4/O2、BCl3及BCl3/SF6電漿中的蝕 刻特性。所使用的氮化鎵晶體是以低壓有機金屬化學氣相磊晶法成長,部 分蝕刻用的試片是以反應濺鍍法所積鍍。較多的注意力被擺在 BCl3/SF6 電漿蝕刻,此電漿對氮化鎵的蝕刻有最佳的效果。幾個影響蝕刻速率的因 素在此論文中均有詳細的探討。光阻及鎳膜兩者均用來做蝕刻防止層。若 無很強的離子撞擊作用,氮化鎵在CH4/H2、CF4、及BCl3電漿中的蝕刻進 行的相當緩慢,在以上幾種電漿中要獲得較好的蝕刻速率,則必須靠離子 撞擊來加速化學反應的進行。在 BCl3/SF6電漿中、氣體流速 15sccm/25 sccm、400mTorr及300瓦高週波功率的條件下,有機金屬化學氣相磊晶法 成長的(00*1)晶面氮化鎵有2100*/min的蝕刻速率,這個高蝕刻速率高於 任何以往被發表過的數值。用此高蝕刻速率可輕易地在氮化鎵晶膜上形成 深蝕刻結構。所有在BCl3/SF6電漿中蝕刻過的試片表面都呈現非均向性蝕 刻的形狀,但若在高功率條件下蝕刻,則試片表面的垂直面有向上傾斜及 向下傾斜的形狀,藉由掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察可在蝕刻過的表面看到許多 蠟燭狀的殘留物,對於這些殘留物有需要再做進一步研究。在N型氮化鎵 上製作歐姆接點是此論文的另一個主題。單層金屬及雙層金屬方法均試用 來做接點。此部分的實驗結果與蕭基-莫特理論相當吻合。鈦及鋁是在N 型氮化鎵上形成歐姆接點的最佳金屬,剛鍍上的鈦/氮化鎵及鋁/氮化鎵接 點均具有大約10-3*cm2的比接點電阻。由於金及鉑都具有很高的功函數, 所以剛鍍上的金/氮化鎵及鉑/氮化鎵接點均具有整流的特性,此特性即使 是在500℃、20分鐘退火之後依舊存在。 Ti/Al雙金屬接點經過500℃退火 後,其比接點電阻可降至2×10-5*cm2,此低阻值電性接點已可應用在實 際的元件製作中。若想要在N型氮化鎵上獲得低阻值的穿隧電性接點,則 藉由氮原子空孔的形成在氮化鎵表層形成高電子濃度層是必須的。 The etch behavior of GaN grown by LP-MOCVD and by reactive sputtering was investigated for CH4/H2, CF4, CF4/O2, BCl3 and BCl3/SF6 discharges, with more attention given to BCl3/SF6 discharges which was the most effective chemistries using in this study for GaN etching. Without strong ion-bombardment effect, etching of GaN is very hard. Poor etch rates were observed for etching of GaN in CH4/H2, CF4 and BCl3 discharges. In these chemistries, ion bombardment is needed for reasonable etch rates. Etch rate of MOCVD grown (00*1) GaN in BCl3/SF6 discharges with gas flow rate of 15sccm and 25 sccm for BCl3 and SF6 respectively, at a pressure of 40mTorr, and at 300 Watt RF power achieved 2100*/min. This is the highest etch rate ever reported for GaN and is sufficient to achieve deep-etched structure in GaN. Single metal layer and bilayer metallization schemes had been studied. The experimental results coincide well with the Schottky-Mott theory. Ti and Al are the best choices for ohmic contact formation to n-GaN. Specific contact resistance about 1*10-3*cm2 can be obtained for as-deposition Ti/n-GaN and Al/n-GaN contacts. After annealing,the specific contact resistance of Ti/Al bilayer contacts reduced to 2*10-5*cm2 which is good enough for device application. The n+ cap layer by nitrogen vacancy generation is needed in order to obtain low resistance tunneling contacts to n-GaN. |
URI: | http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#NT820159003 http://hdl.handle.net/11536/57677 |
Appears in Collections: | Thesis |