軟體規格儲存庫之設計

Abstract

軟體再利用是提升軟體生產力與品質之主要技術。所謂軟體規格再利用， 是指利用現存之軟體規格來定義新系統規格。系統分析師依據軟體之需求 到規格儲存庫中找出接近需求之現存規格並檢視其是否適用。若有完全適 用者則不需重新發展，若有部份適用者則適用部份不必重新發展，其餘部 份則重新發展或選用其他適用規格。欲達此目的，現存規格應經過分類後 存於規格儲存庫中，以便系統分析師可擷取再利用。本論文主要目的是設 計一個滿足「功能導向軟體規格再利用環境」需求之規格儲存庫。本論文 所提規格儲存庫是用來儲存功能導向式之物件導向軟體規格，其基本儲存 單元包括規格中各功能表規格、系統功能規格、子功能規格及物件規格， 而且各規格間的關係也儲存在規格儲存庫中。功能表、系統功能或子系統 功能等單元以其主要處理動作及動作所使用之類別物件當成關鍵字，這些 規格單元以關鍵字來做分類。透過規格儲存庫的輔助，提供系統分析師下 列的功能： (1) 將現有系統規格經分解成單元後，分類存入規格儲存庫 。 (2) 以系統功能或物件之關鍵字來描述查詢敘述，再根據查詢敘述搜 索規格儲存庫，找出適合再利用之現存(子)規格(或物件規格)，並依照相 似性一一列出。 (3) 透過規格單元間的相互關係來瀏覽候選單元之詳細 規格。此軟體規格儲存庫及規格分類、儲存、擷取機制(mechanism)已在 IBM個人電腦之視窗環境上使用Borland C++語言及APOC個體導向資料庫製 作完成。 Software reuse has been recognized as the most effective approach to improve the software productivity and quality. Especially ,the software specification reuse , which means that the analysts can reuse the existing software specifications to define a new system specification , could obtain the potential of software reuse. According to the requirements of a new software system , the analysts may reuse the most similar specification of some existed system from the specification repository. The analysts can also modify or delete the unsuitable contents of this reused specification. In addition, if there exists some parts that can' t be defined by reusing the existing specifications, the analysts should refine those undefined parts into some smaller components and apply the reuse process again. To reuse the existing specifications , all reusable units of specification should be classified and stored in a specification repository and then retrieved and reused by the anaysts.In this paper,a specification repository for functional object-oriented software specification reuse process is proposed. The basic stored units in software specification repository includes the specifications of menu, system function, subfunction ,object,and the relationships among these units.The specification of menu, system function, and subfunction units are classified by the keywords that are abstracted from the major operation and object used in these units. The analysts can easily perform the following activities: 1) Classify and store the reusable units into the repository. 2) Retrieve the suitable candidate specification by specifying the appropriate keyword. 3) Browse the detailed description of the selected software specification.