號誌化交叉路口機車延滯特性之研究

Abstract

「延滯」近年來已成為國內外評估交叉路口服務績效時最常採用的指標， 並以「最小平均延滯」作為號誌時制設計之依據。由於機車在駕駛、到達 及紓解行為上異於汽車，如何將此些機車特性量化，以「輛」為車流單位 直接估算其路口延滯值，並將之模式化，成為本研究之重點。機車騎士遇 紅燈停等時，機車群會在路口聚集成很多形狀，本研究定義為「機車停等 形狀」。以此觀念出發，再加上機車路口到達及紓解特性之探討，應用等 候理論之累積曲線法，在某些假設條件下，將機車延滯模式以不同之到達 及紓解型態分為六種延滯情形，經由Arr、Dep及機車停等形狀三種指標之 判別，可將每週期適用的延滯情形判別，以得到每週期機車總延滯。本研 究並定義「機車延滯當量」（MDE），將佔據機車停等位置之汽車視為機 車，以流動車輛法來求此值，以應用於不規則型機車停等形狀。經模式驗 證結果發現，由模式計算之路口延滯值與實際路口延滯值誤差在 8％ 以 下；將實驗所得之汽車MDE值應用於不規則型機車停等形狀，發現誤差在7 ％以下，表本研究之機車延滯模式及機車延滯當量值符合實際狀況。 "Delay" has been the index of assessing level of service of intersection recently, and according the "minimum average delay" for designing signal phase. Because of the discrepancy on the motorcycle characteristics with vehicles, how to qualify the motorcycle characteristics and use "Veh" to be the car flow unit to estimate approach delay directly are the focal points of this When motorcycle drivers stop in front of the stop line at intersection, the motorcycle platoon will gather together and many configurations, this study defines the phenomenon as Waiting Configuration"（M.W.C）. From this idea and motorcycle arrival and departure characteristics, using the cumulative curve method, this study divides delay condition into six types different arrival and departure conditions which can be by arrival（Arr）, departure（Dep）and M.W.C three indexes, then what kind of delay condition can be applied in every cycle This study also defines "Motorcycle Delay Equivalence"（M.D.E）, taking the vehicles that occupy the motorcycle stop location for motorcycles, and get this value with floating car method to apply in the irregular M.W.C. After the work of model identification, the error between calculated approach delay value and really approach delay value than 8％, and M.D.E of vehicles apply in the irregular M.W.C., error is less than 7％. It can be said that the motorcycle delay and the M.D.E value of vehicles tally with reality.