提昇基隆港效率之港埠費率調整策略之研究

Abstract

提昇基隆港效率之港埠費率 調整策略之研究 研究生:魏福添 指導教授:黃承傳博士 本研究希望透過現有港埠費率之收費項目、 收費對象與計費方式的改變，建立一個能提昇基隆港效率的新費率制度。 新費率研擬出以每小時計費的商港服務費、船席使用費與港區管理費等三 種作為港埠主要收入來源。 商港服務費以船舶為徵收對象，而船席 使用費因各船席裝卸效率不同而有不同費率，且由滯港原因發生者付費， 新費率將港區管理費與港區設施費自裝卸費中分離，使得裝卸費純為裝卸 業與碼頭工人的作業所得，港務局退出裝卸費分配部份，且港區管理費收 費對象涵蓋整個與港區裝卸有關單位。 對於原費率以貨物為主的碼頭 通過費、夜工設備費、夜間超時工資加成、重件加成、機械使用費等建議 減少或取消或合併於其他費用中，以利效率的提昇。 為預估新費 率所產生的影響，本研究選擇五個實例，比較新舊費率之差異並分析可能 造成的影響，結果發現有效率的航商貨主在新費率制度下可以降低其港埠 費用，使其在國際或國內市場上，更具有競爭優勢。同時在新費率下，為 求提高效率，港埠管理之決策單位對於港埠設施的投資與裝卸機具的保養 、維修、採購等，會更加慎重以符合航商的需要。 A Study of Tariff Adjustment Strategies to Enhance Efficiency of Keelung Harbor Student:Fu- Tien Wei Advisor:Dr.Cherng-Chwan Hwang Institue of Traffic and Transportation National Chiao Tung University Abstract The purpose of this research is to develop a new pricing strategy toenhance efficiency of keelung harbor through the adjustment of existing tariffstructure. Under the new pricing structure, three main charges are proposed as follows: The port service charge is based on the size (GRT) of the vessel and paid by the shipping companies. The berth hire charges which is based on the length of time a berth is occupied can be charged to either the shipper, stevedore or ship owner, whoever controls the time that the ship is in port. Each berth has its own berth hire charges rate. The port mangement charge is separated from handling charges, and is based on the length of handling time by the stevedore and other operators. Several existing charges are suggested to be reduced, cancelled or combined into other charges ( e.g. charges for wharf passage, overtime ,equipment for night operation, container equipments and machinery for handling heavy cargoes on shoreside ) in this study. To examine the possible effects of the proposed new pricing structure,five examples are selected, and the performance under existing conditions and new pricing structure of each case are analyzed & compared. It is found out that the efficient ship will be benfited the most under the new pricing structure. The new pricing structure will guide mangement attention on the performance of individual facilities and will force future investment decisions more accurately reflect the need of port customers.