海象觀測遙控系統研發

Abstract

長期的海象資訊收集，應用於海洋及海岸工程，海洋氣候觀測及預報與軍事情報搜集 等工作，可提供有力之實測數據。本系統載具之研發乃建立自動化海象觀測無線數據傳輸 系統，將可節省大量的人力、物力、財力與縮短傳統觀測時間，並可立即收集完整海象資 料及防止在惡烈天候進行觀測時遭遇的困難與危險。 本系統載具內建GPS全球衛星定位系統，作為即時定位以監控浮體。浮體內並裝置加 速度計，將波浪上下加速度電壓訊號與GPS定位座標訊號，經由無線傳輸系統將資料傳回 岸上監控站。無線傳輸可使用單一頻道，由終端結點控制器將數據資料封包，可即時傳回 封包之海象觀測資料。載具內並裝置遙控伺服系統，接受岸上監控站所下達控制載具運動 的指令。本文並陳述有關海上電波傳導模式，作為設計無線傳輸系統參數選擇之參考。 依據內政部經建版台灣地區兩萬伍仟分之一地形圖掃瞄製作網格式GPS 電子地圖。同時將G PS接收之WGS 84座標系統轉換成GRS 67座標系統，使衛星定位之座標與圖檔座標系統一致 ，才可即時對照觀測監控浮體位置及遙控其運動。或進行描繪記錄載具由指定點自由漂移 的軌跡與速度及同時收集海象資料。本系統載具之研發經實際整合設計製造後進行海象觀 測及數據收集，依據實測之過程與數據分析結果已驗證本系統理論為可行並將可進一步改 良成全自動化之觀測系統。 Establishment of long time oceanographically data for seashores and ocean s is important because it provides the information much needed for sea shores and oceanography engineering. In addition, wave observations, tides, ocean t opology and ocean physics researches are essential to the exploration of the s ea,military use, meteorology and weather forecast. The automation of sea exploration can save tremendous amount of resource s and allocations as well as the time that is necessary for traditional approa ch to oceanography. Most importantly, it solves the difficulty of observation in extreme weather and thus avoids exposing researchers to danger. The autom ated data collection and, once collected, the data will be transmitted throug h radio , which will then process the data . The setup is as follows: Real-time Global Positioning System (GPS) will trace the portable sensors inside the floating objects . Then the transmitting sig nals from the floating objects will go through a series of TNC signal packet. These signals will be transmitted by single radio channel back to an observato ry. Besides, the other channel used to transmit the remote commands which will be decoded to control all of the gear inside the water-craft. With the GPS gi ving its precise location , this remote carrr can follow a preset route automa tically. This research uses an Electric Map converted from the standard Taiwan Map released from Departm ent of Interior Affair. In addition, the WGS 84 are converted to GRS 67 coord ination system , then the location of the floating objects and the oceanograph ically data can be deduced. Based on those related techenologies , the system was set up in experimental field's tr ial and after proceed the results of experiment , this thesis gives some concl usions and suggestions for advanced research and development in the future.