整合型態顯示的形式對診斷作業績效的影響

Abstract

近年來人機界面設計者戮力於整合型態顯示的研究，以期研發出合適的整 合型態顯示，能夠降低作業人員收集與整合資訊之作業負荷。許多研究發 現作業人員之所以能夠得利於整合型態顯示，乃由於作業人員能夠利用整 合型態顯示所產生出的突顯特徵，來進行資訊整合與系統狀態判別。除了 在視覺上強調如何彰顯出突顯特徵外，有些學者認為監控系統的人機介面 顯示型態所表達的意義是否能反應出系統運作的功能架構也是一項重要因 素。本研主要目的在究探討當作業人員執行規則型､知識型兩種不同型態 診斷作業時，長條圖､物體顯示､及功能型態顯示三種整合型態顯示對作 業績效的影響。當執行規則型作業時，作業人員將系統狀態與規則庫中的 法則比對，顯示中的突顯特徵能幫助作業人員進行比對，將能有效的提昇 作業績效﹔當執行知識型作業時，作業人員必須整合系統資訊，推論出系 統的狀態，顯示的特性若能呈現出系統的功能架構，將能有效的提昇作業 績效。本研究的結果顯示，在執行規則型作業時，物體顯示中的突顯特徵 能有效的將系統狀態與規則庫的法則作對應，因此其診斷時間顯著低於其 他二種顯示。 Many interface designers have focused on the researches of integrated display to develop proper integrated displays to reduce the workload for operators collecting and integrating information. It is well found that operators can use the emergent features generated by integrated display to integrate information and judge the state of system. In addition, some researchers argue that whether the information provided by the display format of control system interface can represent the functional structure of system is also an important factor affecting system operating performance.The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different display formats (bar- chart, object display, and functional display) on the performance of operators when they perform different diagnosis tasks (rule-based and knowledge-based). While performing rule- based tasks, operators compare the system states with the rules in their rule base. The performance can be enhanced by the emergent features provided by integrated displays. While performing knowledge-based tasks, operators have to integratesystem information to infer the system states. The performance can be enhanced if the display can provide the information of system structure.Our results reveal that, while performing rule-based tasks, subjects compare the system states with the rules in their rule base. The performance can be enhanced by object display which provides emergent features. While performing knowledge-based tasks, subjects have to integrate system information to infer the system states. The performance can be enhanced by functional display which provides the information of system structure.