健康勞工之腰椎功能作業資料庫

Abstract

本研究的目的為建立腰幹生理活動範圍、等長性肌力、動態速度和耐力綜 合性腰椎功能基本正常值資料庫。以了解工作量、運動量、年齡、身高、 體重，對腰椎功能之相關度。並進一步探討正常人腰椎對稱性。 受測 者依年齡、性別分六組，共計150在職志願受測者，受測者必須最近六個 月內無腰背痛和背部手術記錄，在受試之前，作問卷調查，利用 IsostationB200進行測試。 結果顯示: 無論生理活動範圍、等長性肌 力測試、動態速度，男性均大於女性。運動量與等長性肌力、三個阻抗水 準各方向活動速度大部份成中度正相關，然而活動速度與工作量的相關係 數，發現隨著阻抗值的增大，二者從低度負相關變為中度負相關。耐久力 表現女性比男性佳，而年齡與耐久力成正相關，尤其與前後彎動作成中度 相關，呈現年長者耐力較好。體重、身高與耐力成負相關，阻抗較大時， 後前彎耐力與體重、身高多成中度負相關，體重較重者與身高較高者均產 生較大力矩，故容易疲勞。在等長性肌力測試中，對稱性左右轉比值男性 為12.2%，女性更高達47.98%，不對稱性左右轉比值女性更高達56.6%。女 性在等長性左右轉力量非常不對稱。 健康勞工之腰椎功能作業資料庫 建立，對於將來工業界選用勞工，職務安排有明顯的助益，而甄選員工時 ，不能單一考慮某因素，應全盤的考量如年齡、力量、體重、運動量等等 因素。如能將員工能力和工作需求結合職業下背痛發生率將明顯降低。 The purpose of this study was : 1)to build a normal database for lumbar spine ( ROM、isometric strength、dynamic velocity, and endurance by the criterion of age and sex levels) ; 2) to understand the correlation between the variables of workload、 exercise、age、height, weight and lumbar ROM、isometric strength 、dynamic velocity and endurance , and 3) to figure out how is the symmetry of the lumbar spine. 150 incumbent volunteers without low-back pain in the past six months and no previous history of the back surgery were included in this experiment. Before the test,each subject also filled out a brief questionnaire. They were divided into six groups according to age and sex. The Isostation B200 test was performed. The results revealed that males had higher values than females in ROM、isometric strength and dynamic velocity. There exist a moderately positive correlationbetween the sports and isometric strength, and the same case was also found between the exercise and dynamic velocity of three resistance levels; however, there exist anegative correlation between the workload levels and dynamic velocity of three resistance levels. There was a negative correlation between weight、height and endurance. In the isometric strength test of symmetry rate, the ratio of right to left rotation of male is 12.2%, while the ratio of female is up to 47.9%. The greater asymmetry observed in the females was isometric rotational strength. Task data of lumbar function for normative industrial worker had been established, it is a great benefit to the industry in worker-selection methods for preplacement screening. Various parameters must be considered for selecting employees. Matching the capacity of employees and the work demands will reduce occupational back pain.