标题: 都市商业区行人对步道类型选择偏好之研究
The Study on Preference toward Types of Sidewalk of Pedestrians in the Urban Business District
作者: 林上闵
Lin, Shung-Ming
吴水威
Wu Shoei-Uei
运输与物流管理学系
关键字: 都市商业区;行人;步道类型;选择偏好;urban business district;pedestrian;types of the sidewalk;preference
公开日期: 1996
摘要: 都市商业区可及性高且土地混合使用的强度大,产业的类型以零售业
、百货业 、服务业、娱乐场所、饭店与办公等商业类型为主,随之应运
而生的休闲娱乐、购物逛街、工作等目的的旅次自然高于其他地区。现今
台湾地区都市交通设计尺度偏重于车辆,轻忽行人良好步行环境的保障,
造成行人不是穿梭于重重障碍的狭窄通道,就是行走于饱尝车辆压迫与威
胁感的马路上,使得在都市商业区中以步行的方式从事休闲娱乐、购物逛
街、上班上学等活动无法成为愉悦的经验,更甚者将影响到民众到都市商
业区从事各项活动的意愿。本研究目的在于从使用者需求面切入,了解行
人重视的步道属性及对各步道类型的选择偏好,提供将来都市商业区更新
、改善或新市镇商业区建立时行人徒步系统规划暨设计中使用者需求面的
参考依据,期能给民众在都市商业区从事上述活动时一个更符合实际需求
的步行环境。
本研究经过两阶段的问卷调查,第一阶段以五等分态度量表法萃取受访行
人重视的步道属性,第二阶段则采取叙述性偏好方法并辅以照片说明属性
值定义与步道类型方案来陈述步道情境,让受访者填答喜好程度与第一第
二偏好,再利用个体需求模式中的多项罗吉特模式与模糊修正模式来校估
选择模式,以构建都市商业区行人对步道类型选择偏好模式。
研究结果主要有五点: (1)超过六成的受访者会因为步行环境的恶劣而影
响其至都市商业区从事购物休闲娱乐的意愿,而一个能吸引人的都市商业
区除必须具备多样可选逛的市场、交通上的高可及性,还需配合有舒适、
良好、充满乐趣的步行环境。 (2)就步道整体属性的要求而言,受访者对
于休闲娱乐旅次普遍高于购物逛街旅次;购物逛街旅次又高于上班上学旅
次。同时,女性受访者对步道属性的普遍要求高于男性受访者;教育程度
高的受访者对步道属性普遍的要求亦高于低教育程度。 (3)普遍来说,受
访者重视的步道属性依次为治安考量、空气、噪音污染、步道实质硬体设
计因素、视觉美感、活动性。 (4)各情况下受访者最偏好的步道类型普遍
为徒步道,最不偏好的类型为人车共存道。 (5)本研究构建的选择模式用
来解释都市商业区行人对步道类型选择偏好的行为模式效果尚佳,以对女
性及购物逛街旅次的解释能力较高。而上班上学模式的解释程度普遍低落
的原因,可能是受访者缺少以步行方式从事上班上学的经验。在模糊观念
下,修正模式的解释程度会降低,但其结果较符合常人模糊偏好的情形。
The urban business district has high-accessibility and high-
intensity mixed land uses which are mainly commercial
industries such as retail,de- partment, recreation, hotel..
etc. It can attract more recreation, shopping , community
trips than other places. However, the environment for pede-
strians is always disregarded because of the urban traffic
design emphasizes too much on vehicles. People walk not only
among bafflement, but also feel threaten walking in the roads
full of cars. Thus, it becomes an unhappy experience to
walk in the urban business district. Furthermore, this kind
of situation also indirectly declines people's willingness to go
to urban business district for all kinds of activities. The
purpose of this study is to find out the preferences of
pedestrians toward sidewalk attributes and types of
sidewalk. This study provides traffic engineers and urban
designers with needs of pedestrians in urban business districts
at urban renewal.
The study was designed as questionnaires containing two stages.
First, it uses five-range attitude scale to get the sidewalk
attributes which par- ticipants value. Second, it uses Stated
Preference method with photos to show the definition of sidewalk
and types of sidewalk. Participants were asked to write down
their first, second preferences and their degree of likeness to-
ward each alternative. We use MNL and Fuzzy concept to develop
the partici- pants' utility function of choosing different
types of sidew alk for recrea- tion, shopping and community
trips.
Five results of this study were: (1) Over 60% of the
participants will reduce their willingness to go to the urban
business district if the environment for pedestrians
gets bad. Furthermore, the participants thought that an
attractive urban business district should own three elements
such as diverse and concentrated shopping markets, high
accessibility, and a nice walking environment. (2) As to
participants' needs for attributes of different sidewalks,
recreation trips were usually valued higher than the
shopping trips, and shopping trips were higher than community
trips. At the same time, female put more emphasis on the
requirement of sidewalk attributes than male participants did;
higher educated participants did more than the lower ones.
(3) Generally, the attributes that pedestrians take care were
listed below in order: public security, air, noise pollution,
physical design of sidewalks, satisfactory of vision,
activities. (4)Participants' favorite type of sidewalks was
pedestrian mall, and the most disliked type was woonerf.(5)
Applying to MNL,the rho-square value of the model adopted in
this study for explaining shopping trips and the female is
good. The reason of low rho- square value of community trips
might be due to the lack of participants' walking
experiences. Applying to Fuzzy concept, the rho-square value was
found going down, but the result was near human's fuzzy
preference.
URI: http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#NT850118033
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/61551
显示于类别:Thesis