感應馬達自我啟動與自調解耦控制之研究

Abstract

交流感應馬達在工業上的應用已經相當地廣泛,具有自我啟動(self- commissioning)功能的馬達驅動器將是未來的趨勢,因此,本文探討在感應 馬達額定值已知而參數未知的情形下如何達成自我啟動與自調解耦控制. 在自我啟動方面,包括馬達參數的自動量測,相序和極數的自動判斷,控制 器各項參數的自動設定,轉子時間常數的離線調整,和最佳磁場電流的選 擇.對感應馬達磁場導向向量控制而言,轉子時間常數為關係解耦好壞的重 要參數,其會隨著操作點和溫度變化而改變,因此在自調解耦控制部份,採 用功率轉換參數調整(power transfer parameter identification)方法, 針對轉子時間常數進行在線式的自動調整,並分析了不正確的轉子時間常 數和不適當的磁場電流,在穩態時對解耦控制的影響.本論文實驗系統中的 數位控制板是採用德州儀器公司的兩顆DSP-TMS320C14和TMS320C52作為控 制晶片,配合以智慧型功率模組(IPM)為基礎之換流器,發展成一套極為零 活且具擴充潛力的伺服驅動發展系統,本文以此系統實現整個自我起動和 自調解耦控制策略.實驗結果顯示,一顆未知參數的感應馬達,經由本文所 發展的自我啟動與自調控制程序,可達到良好的動態響應,同時在穩態時, 亦具有最佳之電機效率. AC induction motor has had wide spread applications in the industry, and the driver with self-commissioning function will be popular in the future.This thesis presents the self- commissioning procedure and the auto-tuningdecoupling control scheme of an induction motor without prior knowledge ofthe motor parameters. The proposed self-commissioning process includes autoparameter measurement, auto phase sequence and pole number identification,auto control parameter setting, off-line rotor time constant tuning, and optimal field current selection. The rotor time constant is an importantparameter which influence the decoupling control to induction motor fieldoriented vector control and it will change in accordance with operatingpoint and temperature. In auto-tuning decoupling control, this thesis employsthe power transfer parameter identification to tune the rotor time constantin real time. The effect of incorrect rotor time constant and improper fieldcurrent imposed on decoupling control at steady state has been analyzed.A dual DSP-based digital control board and an intelligent power module(IPM)based voltage source inverter were implemented to construct the ac servodrive system. The self-commissioning and auto-tuning decoupling control strategies have been realized in this ac servo system. It follows from theexperimental results that the controlled induction motor does have good dynamic response and high efficiency after the proposed self-commissioningand auto- tuning decoupling control procedure.