以模糊多屬性決策方法支援"群體決策支援系統"之"促進功能"之研究

Abstract

以往GDSS的研究,大多著眼於電腦環境的發展以及其對於群體工作的 影響,而對於群體促進功能的支援則較少加以注意,然而,根據最近的幾項 實驗指出, GDSS中"促進"的功能(facilitation)卻是達成其效能之關鍵因 素,而近年在GDSS中對於"促進功能"的研究,大多僅作到群體共識的測度, 對於促進功能之貢獻實在有限. 模糊理論能定量的模擬人類在判斷行 為上的模糊性,所以在處理決策問題上,能更具彈性,更符合人類的思考方 式,本研究基於此,結合模糊多屬性決策方法與群體決策支援系統,規劃一 支援促進功能的方法,期能使群體決策促進者(facilitator)在決策的過程 中,可隨時獲得以下資訊,進而擬定策略,以促進共識: 1.群體共識之程度; 2.群體中之關鍵決策者(意見最為其他成員認同者); 3.群體中意見明顯不 同之派系分立情形; 4.阻礙共識的備選方案; 5.阻礙共識的評估準則; 6.備選方案與評估準則的獨立性. 最後,並依本研究提出之演算法,建 構一支援促進功能模式之GDSS雛型,作一實際上的應用. In the past, much of the GDSS research has focused on developing computerenvironments and their effects on group work, and has given relatively littleattention to support for group facilitation. However, recent experimental studies point out that facilitation may be a critical factor in GDSS effectiveness, and research on facilitation in GDSS is only now coming into focus. Some efforts for facilitation have been made to measure the degree ofgroup consensus, but their contribution to facilitation is limited. Fuzzy theory can quantitatively simulate the fuzziness of mankind's judgmental behavior, dispose of the problems of decision making with a more elastic way, conform to mankind's thinking. Therefore, this study plans to combine "Fuzzy Muliple Attribute Decision Making Method" and "GDSS" to establish a method which supports facilitation, in hope to supply the following information at any time in a group decision process, so that thegroup facilitator can make strategies to help the group reach a consensus :1.The degree of consensus. 2.Decision makers whose opinions have the highest consistency with other members' opinions in the group. 3.The division status of subgroups whose opinions are obviously distinct from each other. 4.Thealternatives that hinder the group to reach a consensus. 5.The criteria thathinder the group to reach a consensus. 6.The independency of alternatives and criteria. Finally, based on the established calculations in this study, a prototype of GDSS that supports facilitation will be built and put to practical implementation.