台灣印刷電路板廠商擴充產能重要考量因素的探索性研究

Abstract

本文從需求變化應對策略的結構進入擴充產能的研究，並從規劃→執行 的管理程序上探討擴產能的成功因素，而將其以環境、策略、組織三範疇 來分類，經由相關理論文獻整理出之29個關鍵因素及13個評估指標。透過 與16位於台灣前十大PCB廠商之資深中、高階主管面對面之訪談調查及其 提供之資料按重要性予以排序。再對其評比結果之最重要及最不重要之五 項關鍵成功因素，和最具代表性及最不具代表性之三項評估指標做一深入 探討，以了解其背後原因。1.四類評估指標中，排序依次為：(1)目標達 成性指標。(2)策略性影響指標。(3)財務性指標。(4)主觀判斷性指標。 由訪談調查過程及蒐集之數據，可以發現擴充產能的確有其專案之特性而 且同時亦帶有策略意味。2.十三個評估指標中最具代表性之前五名依次為 ：(1)期限內達成之程度。(2)預算內達成之程度。(3)銷售總額。(4)市場 佔有率。(5)產業排名。3.三類因素，排序依次為：(1)組織因素。(2)環 境因素。(3)策略因素。4.29項重要考量因素，排名前十項依次為：(1)財 務承受經濟不景氣之能力。(2)掌握及維繫客戶能力。(3)財務規劃及管理 能力。(4)新增設備之產出品質是否如期達規劃目標。(5)新增設備之產出 良率是否如期達規劃目標。(6)新舊廠營運之協調。(7)於技術落後國(低 成本生產國)新增產能。(8)新進人員是否如期熟練。(9)需求大於預測程 度。(10)公司決策者特質。 The research is to study the expansion strategy for overcoming the change of demand and supply. From the environment, strategy and organization levels toclassify the key factors and search the suitable indicators. 29 key factors and 13 indicators are summarizing from the relative researchand books. Visit 16 relative industry experts by interviewing methods forcollecting more information and let them rank and rate the importance andsuitability of the key factors The top 10 key factors are as the following:1. Strong Financial Strength2. Ability on maintaining the current customers3. Financial planning and control ability4. The product quality made by new equipment5. The product yield made by new equipment6. Logistic between new and old plants7. Set down new plant on cost advantage area8. Learning curve of new employee9. Demand is larger than the planned10. Personality of company decision makers The top 5 suitable indicators are as the following:1. Time2. Budget3. Sales Amount4. Market Share Rate5. Industry Ranking The research result could be developed as the management tool (checklist) onconducting the expansion strategy.