台北市聯營公車路線合理經營年限之研究

Abstract

市區公車路線之經營年限，現今法令上並未有明確規定，本研究嘗試由經濟分析的角度，探討公車路線的投資成本及經營成本與營運收益間之關係，試算公車路線需時多久，方能達到損益平衡，作為路線經營年限訂定之基礎。 本研究內容包括第一章之緒論、第二章文獻回顧，第三章內容為公車路線合理經營年限之理論架構，主要探討公車路線的固定成本及變動成本與營運收益間之影響關係，並建立其關係式。第四章則依第三章所建立之關係式，利用電腦程式予以試算分析台北市聯營公車路線經營年限，計算在不同收費情形下，不同運量及路線里程長度下的公車路線損益平衡時間。 第五章內容為聯營公車路線合理經營年限之管制策略研擬，利用台北市現有聯營公車路線之資料，計算其達到損益平衡之年限，及在交叉補貼情形下，不同收費段次路線之路線經營年限及各公車業者間之路線經營年限。最後則於第六章提出結論與建議。

There is not any law now to restrict the period of operating right for Taipei bus routes. Hence, this research tried to analyze the relationship between fixed costs、variable cost and revenues of city bus routes in order to determine the reasonable period of operating right for Taipei bus routes. This research consists of five chapters. Chapter 1 is introduction；chapter 2 is state of the art on related research . In chapter 3, this research formulated a relationship function of fixed costs、variable costs and revenues of city bus route . In chapter 4, this research applied the relationship function mentioned above to determine the reasonable period of operating right for Taipei bus routes. Using computer programming, this research calculated the trade-off year under specific circumstances of different fares，amount of passengers and mileage of routes. In Chapter 5, using the operating data of Taipei bus routes as a case study, this research suggested the reasonable period of operating right for Taipei bus routes .Finally, conclusions and suggestions were shown in chapter 6.