建築基地最小開發規模限制對都市景觀影響之研究---以新竹縣治區開發案件為例

Abstract

都市計畫的目的為滿足人類生活最大的需求；都市空間品質，則為確保都市活動及環境可居性；然現今都市環境的現狀，在長久不當的都市計畫政策下或民眾不甚關心下，整體都市風格及特色無法有效的發展；而整體都市的變遷暨公共利益的需求，已非昔日建築藝術、城鎮設計之單一專業技術所能控制與解決，都市的環境經營，由於都市發展快速，自由資本市場的強勢主導早已與都市公共政策緩慢步伐脫節，在在顯示公共部門的政策始終拿不出乙套清晰架構，可供為整體都市發展之依循，也使都市的建設盲目地由市場的供需失調所支配。 都市品質管理涉及公私部門各組織的運作，如何透過創新管理和工具來增進管理功能，促使都市進行連續且有效益的發展，使其都市成長政策符合民眾的期待及重視，進而共同努力形塑出更美好的都市，並正確引導都市朝健全的方向發展，讓都市土地使用與規劃機制能夠相輔相成。 針對新市鎮地區之開發，應積極推動都市計畫之細部計畫規劃階段或於細部計畫完成後，進行都市設計暨準則之訂定，冀望能以都市設計的手段及方式協助部份都市計畫之不足；基於『都市景觀』是提升城市競爭力及推動都市治理與政策發展上最首要的課題與任務，並使都市計畫區之地方風貌呈現其特色，並整合新舊都市計畫之體系，企圖引領區域轉型為新興都市。 本研究以新竹縣政府辦理新竹縣治區段征收區建設，所進行都市設計構想規劃及準則時訂定『建築基地最小開發規模限制』之規定為案例，對都市景觀的影響為何，及所訂定之規模是否合理，透過對相關從業人員及學者專家之意見調查，比對於新竹縣治區段征收區執行情形，驗證訂定『建築基地最小開發規模限制』之規定，是否符合提昇都市景觀之目的，藉以檢討地方政府所推動之策略方向，提供未來各新興都市計畫規劃居住、生活環境發展方向及建議，並作為未來都市設計執行之模式，期能在提昇都市景觀上有所貢獻。

Abstract

The purpose of urban planning is to satisfy the maximal needs of human life; and the purpose of a quality urban dimension is to ensure that the environment is suitable for living and that a continuous happening of urban activities is found in the same environment. Having been exposed on a long-term basis to inappropriate urban planning policies as well as indifferent public concerns it had been impossible for the characteristics or an integrated urban style of a town to develop in an effective manner. The urban transformation as a whole and the needs of public interests can no longer be controlled or resolved by traditional architectural art or professional techniques of town and city planning. The management of urban environments is disarticulated from the slow movement of urban public policies due to the fast advancement of urban developments and the strong predominance of free capital market. These factors reflect that the public departments have been unable to present a distinctly structured policy that could provide urban planning as a whole a direction to follow, and as a result the developments of a city were allowed blindly into the hands of an imbalanced market of supply and demands.

The management of urban qualities is related to the operation of organizations in public and private sectors. The task is to improve management functionalities through innovative management methods and tools in order to promote continuous and effective urban development processes. Urban advancement policies need to conform to public expectations and need to have serious attention from the public so that people will work together to strive for a better city. Furthermore having a common consensus will lead urban development towards a healthy direction making the utilization and the planning of the land run in parallel to each other.

For the development of new cities and township areas, detailed planning stages are an important step in urban planning and should be actively encouraged while urban design and its standards should be established after the detailed planning stages are complete. The means and methods of urban design are meant to complement urban planning in areas where it falls insufficient with detailed planning. Urban townscapes or aesthetics is the primary subject and mission in the development of policies for advancing the competitiveness of a city and on promoting urban management. The mission is also to unfold through urban planning the characteristics of the local features and styles and integrate the systems from the old and new urban planning schemes for an attempt to transform a region into an emerging new city.

This research takes an example on the “Restrictions of a Minimal Developmental Scale for a Construction Site” from the development of the Hsinchu County governed areas levied by the Hsinchu County Government. The restriction policy was imposed during the planning of the concept for the urban design and its standards. Through this research the effects of such restriction policy on the urban aesthetics will be studied together with the appropriateness of the scale that is set for such developments. The topic on whether the policy of “Restrictions of a Minimal Developmental Scale for a Construction Site” has a purpose on imposing positive effects on urban aesthetics, will be tested through questionnaires aimed for individuals from related industries and academic professionals from related fields. Furthermore the information gathered from the questionnaires will be compared and contrasted with the progresses of execution on the levying of the Hsinchu County governed areas for a review on the strategic directions that the local government employs for this subject matter. The study aims to provide developmental directions and suggestions for future urban living and urban planning of new cities, towns and living environments. The study also aims to set a model for the implementation of future urban designs and contribute to advancing urban aesthetics.