聚苯乙烯/黏土 奈米複合材料

Abstract

本研究主要以Cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc)作為界面活性劑，分別採插層聚合法、溶液插層法及熔融插層法來製備PS/clay奈米複合材料，比較三種不同的製備方法下，clay在PS基材中的分散情況，並作熱性質的測試。由研究結果發現使用插層聚合法來製備PS/clay奈米複合材料時，可使clay的層間距離較採溶液插層法及熔融插層法時為大，且隨著系統中clay含量的減少而漸增。而從TEM相片中，可證明PS確實插層進入clay層間，且clay的分散尺寸在100nm以下，甚至有些是以單片片層存在於PS基材中。在熱性質的測試方面，可發現採用熔融插層法時，不管在PS中是添加純clay或有機性clay(clay/cpc)，其皆可提高材料的裂解溫度，尤其以有機性clay較為顯著。另外，更以熔融插層法製得之試片進行機械性質測試，探討clay含量對材料的機械性質之影響。在機械性質測試方面，可看到clay的添加僅會使材料的抗折模數增加。

In this research, the surfactant of cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc) is used in methods of intercalative polymerization, solution intercalation and melt intercalation, respectively, to prepare PS/clay nanocomposites. It is compared that the degree of clay dispersion in PS matrix and thermal properties of the PS/clay nanocomposites that prepared by different three methods. It is found that the d-space of clay is larger in the specimen prepared by intercalative polymerization than by solution and melt intercalation, furthermore, the d-space of clay increases with decreasing clay content. The PS intercalates actually into the layers of clay from the TEM morphology, and the clay domain is always less than 100 nm, even exists in the monolayer type within PS matrix. The thermal degradation temperature of PS increases with adding clay, whether pure clay or organoclay, however the later is better. The specimen prepared by melt intercalation is used to investigate the effect of the clay content on the mechanical properties. The addition of clay increases the flexural modulus of PS only from the mechanical property result.