完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.author | 張淑君 | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Shu-Chun Chang | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | 李慶恩 | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Dr. Ching-En Lee | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2014-12-12T02:22:14Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2014-12-12T02:22:14Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 1999 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#NT880031010 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11536/65169 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 隨著供應鏈管理的浪潮席捲全球,為了在競爭激烈的環境求生存,滿足顧客多元化的需求是必要的。然而產品客製化(customization)的趨勢使企業面臨需求預測困難、高存貨水準、低顧客服務水準等問題。因此,企業開始重新思考致勝對策,以提高供應鏈的整體績效,延遲理論因而提出。延遲理論是一種策略,藉由產品或製程的重新設計,將產品之間的差異點儘可能地延後,直到接收顧客訂單時,才開始完成最後差異化作業。本研究認為除了探討延遲策略的可行性外,影響延遲策略之相關因素亦為研究的課題。 本論文利用實驗設計方法,分析需求不確定性與到料不確定性等環境因子對延遲策略是否具有顯著影響,並找出環境因子與延遲策略效益的關係。先針對預測型生產的電子組裝廠,構建基本產銷供應系統模擬模式,再應用形式延遲與時間延遲策略,形成延遲模式以供分析。而總存貨成本、顧客服務水準、與顧客回應時間等則作為衡量延遲策略效益的績效指標。最後再透過環境因子參數的變化,瞭解延遲策略效益的變動趨勢。 經由實例驗證顯示,延遲策略確實帶給產銷供應系統顯著的衝擊。正面影響如產品存貨水準下降﹔負面影響如原物料或半成品之存貨水準提昇、顧客回應時間較長。在固定服務水準下,延遲策略的應用對總存貨成本績效是否有利,與產品的成本結構有關。而延遲策略的適用與否還是須視整體績效的權衡而定。另外,產品需求預測困難、到料不準確性高時,延遲策略確實為一有效之策略。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | To offer more and more product options to meet the diverse needs in keen competitive markets is necessary nowadays. However, mass customization drive companies to confront with difficult demand forecast, high inventory level, low customer service level, and so on. To search for appropriate strategies to enhance supply chain effectiveness is important. The concept of postponement, therefore, has emerged. Postponement is a strategy whereby the product differentiation is delayed as much as possible by product or process redesign until a customer order is received. The thesis analyzes whether both factors of demand uncertainty and material-arrival uncertainty significantly influence postponement effectiveness by employing design of experiments. Three models, build-to-forecast (BTF) model, model with form postponement, and model with form as well as time postponement are utilized to investigate the performance of postponement. Total inventory cost, customer service level, and customer response time are performance indices to measure the effectiveness of postponement. Sensitivity analysis is also made. The experimental results indicate that the postponement indeed affects the performance of manufacturing system significantly. The influence of demand uncertainty and material-arrival uncertainty on postponement is also noteworthy. The application of postponement results in low product inventory level, high raw material or sub-assembly inventory level, long customer response time, and so on. At a fixed service level, whether the postponement results lower inventory or not is related to product cost profile. As a matter of fact, to realize the feasibility of postponement, the pros and cons of postponement must be weighed carefully. This thesis also finds out that if a high demand uncertainty or a large variance of procurement lead time exists, the postponement is an effective strategy. 1.1 研究背景與動機 1 1.1.1客製化之演進 1 1.1.2延遲理論之提出 2 1.1.3研究動機 3 1.2 研究目的 3 1.3 研究範圍與限制 4 1.4 研究方法與進行步驟 5 第二章 文獻探討 6 2.1 延遲理論的演進 6 2.2 延遲策略的定義與分類 8 2.3 延遲策略的成本模式與因子分析 17 2.3.1延遲策略引發的相關成本 17 2.3.2影響延遲策略的相關因子 20 第三章 研究方法 23 3.1 問題分析與定義 23 3.2 問題假設與符號說明 24 3.2.1問題假設 24 3.2.2符號說明 25 3.3 實驗設計模式構建 27 3.3.1環境因子與水準數之定義 28 3.3.2績效指標之定義 32 3.3.3統計模式 33 3.3.4二因子實驗配置與資料收集 34 3.3.5資料分析 34 3.3.6模式適當檢驗 35 3.4 延遲理論模擬模式構建 36 3.4.1基本定義與假設 36 3.4.2初始產銷供應模式 39 3.4.3延遲模式一 44 3.4.4延遲模式二 46 第四章 實例分析 49 4.1 模擬環境基本資料 49 4.2 實驗說明 53 4.3 結果分析與比較 56 第五章 結論與未來研究方向 75 5.1 結論 75 5.1.1延遲模式的正負面衝擊 75 5.1.2因子對延遲策略的影響 76 5.2 未來研究方向 77 參考文獻 78 附錄一 80 附錄二—SAS program 97 附錄三—SAS printout 104 | en_US |
dc.language.iso | zh_TW | en_US |
dc.subject | 延遲理論 | zh_TW |
dc.subject | postponement | en_US |
dc.title | 需求不確定性與到料不確定性對延遲效益之影響 | zh_TW |
dc.title | The Influence of Demand Uncertainty and Material-Arrival Uncertainty on Postponement | en_US |
dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
dc.contributor.department | 工業工程與管理學系 | zh_TW |
顯示於類別: | 畢業論文 |